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Hydrazine hydrate

Product Name
Hydrazine hydrate
CAS No.
7803-57-8
Chemical Name
Hydrazine hydrate
Synonyms
HYDRAZINE MONOHYDRATE;Diamid hydrate;Hydrazine, hydrate (1:1);DiamideHydrate;DiamineHydrate;idrazinaidrata;JACS-7803-57-8;Hydrazine hydrate;HYDRAZINE1-HYDRATE;hydrazinehydroxide
CBNumber
CB5110461
Molecular Formula
H6N2O
Formula Weight
50.06
MOL File
7803-57-8.mol
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Hydrazine hydrate Property

Melting point:
−51.7 °C(lit.)
Boiling point:
120.1 °C(lit.)
Density 
1.03 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor density 
>1 (vs air)
vapor pressure 
5 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
refractive index 
n20/D 1.428(lit.)
Flash point:
204 °F
storage temp. 
0-6°C
solubility 
Acetonitrile (Sparingly), DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Sparingly)
form 
fuming liquid
color 
fuming liquid
Specific Gravity
1.032
PH
10-11 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
explosive limit
>3.4-99%(V)
Water Solubility 
Soluble in chloroform, DMSO, methanol. Slightly soluble in water.
Merck 
14,4771
BRN 
878137
Exposure limits
ACGIH: TWA 0.01 ppm (Skin)
OSHA: TWA 1 ppm(1.3 mg/m3)
NIOSH: IDLH 50 ppm; Ceiling 0.03 ppm(0.04 mg/m3)
Stability:
Stability Incompatible with a wide variety of materials, including oxidizing agents, heavy metal oxides, dehydrating agents, alkali metals, rust, silver salts. Combustible. Contact with many materials may cause fire or explosive decomposition. May react explosively with a variety of materials, including dehydrating agents, heavy metal ox
InChIKey
IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference
7803-57-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System
Hydrazine monohydrate (7803-57-8)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
T,N
Risk Statements 
45-20/21/22-34-43-51/53-50/53-23/24/25-10
Safety Statements 
53-45-60-61-36/37/39-26
RIDADR 
UN 3293 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
MV8050000
23
Autoignition Temperature
280 °C
TSCA 
Yes
HazardClass 
8
PackingGroup 
II
HS Code 
28251000
Toxicity
LD50 orally in Rabbit: 169 mg/kg
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Danger
Hazard statements

H226Flammable liquid and vapour

H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage

H317May cause an allergic skin reaction

H330Fatal if inhaled

H350May cause cancer

H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.04608
Product name
Hydrazinium hydroxide
Purity
(about100%N?H?OH)forsynthesis
Packaging
250ML
Price
$38
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
207942
Product name
Hydrazine monohydrate
Purity
N2H4 64-65 %, reagent grade, 98%
Packaging
5g
Price
$50.6
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.04608
Product name
Hydrazinium hydroxide
Purity
(about100%N?H?OH)forsynthesis
Packaging
1L
Price
$132
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.04608
Product name
Hydrazinium hydroxide
Purity
(about100%N?H?OH)forsynthesis
Packaging
55kg
Price
$1970
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
207942
Product name
Hydrazine monohydrate
Purity
N2H4 64-65 %, reagent grade, 98%
Packaging
2kg
Price
$506
Updated
2024/03/01
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Hydrazine hydrate Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

colourless fuming liquid

Physical properties

Colorless fuming liquid; faint odor; refractive index 1.4284; density 1.032g/mL; boils at 119°C; solidifies at -51.7°C; miscible with water and alcohol;insoluble in chloroform, methylene chloride, and ether.

Uses

Hydrazine Hydrate used as a reactant in the cyclizations of pyridinones. It is also used in the study of nanocrystal semiconductors, participating in the functionalization and passivation of surface states. It is widely used as a reducing agent or an intermediate of synthesis in various industrial sectors like water treatment (effluents, industrial boilers), chemical treatment process (metals, mine extraction) or active ingredients synthesis (pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals).

Uses

Hydrazine hydrate is used as a reducing agent in synthetic and analytical reactions and as a solvent for many inorganic compounds. It also is used with methanol as a propellant for rocket engines. Another application is catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

Preparation

Hydrazine hydrate is prepared by treating hydrazine sulfate, N2H4•H2SO4 with sodium hydroxide. The product is collected by distillation under nitrogen. It also is obtained as a by-product in the Bayer Ketazine process for producing hydrazine in which hydrazine solution is hydrolysed under pressure in a ketazine column.

Definition

ChEBI: Hydrazine hydrate is a hydrate. It contains a hydrazine.

General Description

A colorless fuming liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor. Corresponds to a 64% aqueous solution of hydrazine in water. Combustible but may require some effort to ignite. Contact with oxidizing materials may cause spontaneous ignition. Toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption. Corrosive to tissue. Produces toxics oxides of nitrogen during combustion.

Air & Water Reactions

Fumes in air. Water soluble.

Reactivity Profile

Hydrazine hydrate is a base and a very powerful reducing agent. Very corrosive. Violent reaction on contact with alkali metals (sodium, potassium), 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, tin dichloride, mercury oxide. Vigorous neutralization reaction with acids. Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 680]. Reacts with tin(II) chloride to give tin(II) dihydrazine chloride, which decomposes explosively when heated [Mellor 7:430(1946-1947)]. Reacts exothermically and violently with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene [Wischmeyer (1967)].

Hazard

See hydrazine.

Health Hazard

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

Fire Hazard

Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.

Purification Methods

It is best obtained by heating hydrazine sulphate (200g), NaOH (160g) and H2O (75mL, exothermic) in a copper flask under reflux for 1.5hours then distilled off (using a flame to remove all the hydrazine). The distillate (175mL) is a clear liquid which contains ~40-45% of N2H4. Note that hydrazine attacks glass, rubber and cork, and stainless steel equipment should be used. The percentage of hydrazine is determined by titration with standard acid (methyl orange indicator) or against standard iodine (starch indicator). Hydrazine monohydrate should contain 64% of N2H4. The ~40-45% solution may be concentrated by mixing it (144mL) with xylene (230mL) and distilling it through an efficient fractionating column (e.g. Hempel column, p 10). All the xylene passes over with about 85mL of H2O. On distilling the residue, hydrated hydrazine (50mL) is obtained containing 80-85% of N2H4. This can be diluted with conductivity H2O to 64% N2H4 to give the monohydrate. Hydrazine and its hydrates have VERY IRRITATING and TOXIC vapours and should be used in an efficient fume cupboard. [Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I pp 469-472 1963.]

Hydrazine hydrate Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

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Hydrazine hydrate Suppliers

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