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Biperiden hydrochloride

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Biperiden hydrochloride Basic information

Product Name:
Biperiden hydrochloride
Synonyms:
  • 1-Piperidinepropanol, α-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl-α-phenyl-, hydrochloride
  • NSC 170950
  • NSC 84989
  • α-(Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)-α-phenyl-1-piperidinepropanol hydrochloride
  • 1-(5-Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-enyl)-1-phenyl-3-(1-piperidinyl)propan-1-ol hydrochloride
  • 1-bicycloheptenyl-1-phenyl-3-piperidinopropanol-1hydrochloride
  • Akineton, Akinophyl, 1-(5-Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-enyl)-1-phenyl-3-(1-piperidinyl)propan-1-ol hydrochloride
  • 1-(Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2alpha-yl)-1-phenyl-3-piperidinopropanol hydrochloride
CAS:
1235-82-1
MF:
C21H30ClNO
MW:
347.92
EINECS:
214-976-2
Product Categories:
  • Amines
  • Aromatics
  • Acetylcholine receptor
  • Heterocycles
  • Intermediates & Fine Chemicals
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Akineton
  • Inhibitors
Mol File:
1235-82-1.mol
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Biperiden hydrochloride Chemical Properties

Melting point:
238°
storage temp. 
2-8°C
solubility 
DMSO: >20mg/mL
form 
powder
color 
off-white
BCS Class
3/1
NIST Chemistry Reference
Akineton, hydrochloride(1235-82-1)
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Safety Information

Hazard Codes 
Xn
Risk Statements 
22-R22
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
TN3706000
Toxicity
LD50 in rats, dogs (mg/kg): 750, 340 orally (Hanna)
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Biperiden hydrochloride Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

White Solid

Originator

Akineton HCl,Knoll,US,1959

Uses

Antiparkinsonian;Anticholinergic

Uses

A muscarinic receptor antagonist

Uses

Biperiden hydrochloride is antiparkinsonian; non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist. Biperiden is used for the adjunctive treatment of all forms of Parkinson′s Disease (postencephalitic, idiopathic, and arteriosclerotic); also commonly used to improve parkinsonian signs and symptoms related to antipsychotic drug therapy.

Definition

ChEBI: The hydrochloride salt of biperiden. A muscarinic antagonist affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is used in the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease.

Manufacturing Process

65 grams of 3-piperidino-1-phenyl propanone-1 of the summary formula C14H29ON, produced according to Mannich's reaction by reacting acetophenone with formaldehyde and piperidine hydrochloride are dissolved in 300 cc of benzene. The resulting solution is added to an organo-magnesium solution prepared from 96 grams of [δ5-bicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptenyl-2]-chloride (also known as 5-chloro-2-norbomene) 18.5 grams of magnesium shavings, and 300 cc of ether.
The reaction mixture is boiled for half an hour under reflux. Thereafter the ether is removed by distillation, until the inside temperature reaches 65°- 70°C. The resulting benzene solution is added to 95 cc concentrated hydrochloric acid containing ice for further processing. Thereby, 3-piperidino- 1-phenyl-1-[δ5-bicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptenyl-2]-propanol-1 of the summary formula C21H29ON is obtained. The compound melts at 101°C and its chlorohydrate has a melting point of about 238°C. The compound is difficultly soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and readily soluble in methanol.

brand name

Akineton (Abbott).

Therapeutic Function

Antiparkinsonian

General Description

Biperiden hydrochloride,α-5-norbornen-2-yl- -phenyl-1-piperidinepropanolhydrochloride (Akineton hydrochloride), is a white, opticallyinactive, crystalline, odorless powder that is slightlysoluble in water, ether, alcohol, and chloroform and sparinglysoluble in methanol.

Biological Activity

Muscarinic receptor antagonist that displays some selectivity for the M 1 subtype (K i values are 0.48, 2.4, 3.9, 6.3 and 6.3 nM for M 1 , M 4 , M 3 , M 2 and M 5 receptors respectively). Alleviates extrapyramidal symptoms associated with antipsychotic drugs. Displays antiparkinsonian activity.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Biperiden hydrochloride is antiparkinsonian; non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist. It is used for the adjunctive treatment of all forms of Parkinson′s Disease (postencephalitic, idiopathic, and arteriosclerotic); also commonly used to improve parkinsonian signs and symptoms related to antipsychotic drug therapy. LD50 in rats 750 mg/kg; in dogs 340 mg/kg.

Clinical Use

Biperiden hydrochloride has all of the actions describedfor biperiden. The hydrochloride is used for tablets becauseit is better suited to this dosage form than is the lactate salt.As with the free base and the lactate salt, xerostomia (drynessof the mouth) and blurred vision may occur.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion andintravenous routes. When heated to decomposition itemits very toxic fumes of NOx and HCl.

storage

Desiccate at +4°C

References

[1] brocks d r. anticholinergic drugs used in parkinson’s disease: an overlooked class of drugs from a pharmacokinetic perspective. j pharm pharm sci, 1999, 2(2): 39-46.
[2] espi martinez f, espi forcen f, shapov a, et al. biperiden dependence: case report and literature review. case reports in psychiatry, 2012, 2012.

Biperiden hydrochlorideSupplier

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