beta-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid Chemical Properties

Melting point:

-80 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

88 °C/1 mmHg (lit.)

Density 

0.938 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.4415(lit.)

Flash point:

113 °C

storage temp. 

Keep in dark place,Sealed in dry,Room Temperature

solubility 

DMF:10.0(Max Conc. mg/mL);84.65(Max Conc. mM)
DMSO:10.0(Max Conc. mg/mL);84.65(Max Conc. mM)
Ethanol:10.0(Max Conc. mg/mL);84.65(Max Conc. mM)
PBS (pH 7.2):10.0(Max Conc. mg/mL);84.65(Max Conc. mM)

pka

4.38±0.10(Predicted)

form 

Liquid

Specific Gravity

1.10

color 

Pale yellow

Water Solubility 

Soluble in water and ethanol.

BRN 

1743952

InChIKey

AXFYFNCPONWUHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS DataBase Reference

625-08-1(CAS DataBase Reference)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xi

Risk Statements 

36/37/38

Safety Statements 

26-36

RIDADR 

UN 3334

WGK Germany 

3

F 

10-13-21

HS Code 

29181990

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

beta-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid Usage And Synthesis

Description

β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB), or β-hydroxy β- methylbutyrate, is a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine and is synthesized in the human body. It plays a part in protein synthesis and was discovered by Dr. Steven L. Nissen at Iowa State University. It has been used in scientific studies to purportedly increase muscle mass and decrease muscle breakdown. Nissen held the original patent on the metabolite as a nutritional supplement. It was discovered in pigs, and small quantities can also be found in grapefruit, alfalfa, and catfish. As a supplement it is usually sold as a calcium salt.
Research published in the Journal of Applied Physiology has shown that HMB may have an effect on increasing muscle weight and strength. A review in Nutrition & Metabolism provides an in depth and objective analysis of HMB research. The same study lists as HMB' s proposed mechanisms of action the following:
Increased sarcolemmal integrity via conversion to HMG-CoA
Enhanced protein synthesis via the mTOR pathway
Depression of protein degradation through inhibition of the ubiquitin pathway
Three grams of Calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate per day may help muscles combat protein breakdown, assist in muscle repair and support increased endurance. Studies suggest its benefits may be greater for the untrained. Also, well-controlled scientific studies have found increases in muscle mass and decreases in body fat in 70 year old men. It has helped patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in hospital intensive care units, muscle wasting associated with HIV or AIDS and with cancer, and trauma victims with severe injuries.
The human body produces about 0.2 - 0.4 grams per day. Standard doses in research studies have been 1.5 to 3.0 grams per day, usually divided into two doses.

Chemical Properties

colorless to light yellow liquid

Uses

β-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid is a metabolite of the essential amino acid Leucine and is synthesized in the human body. Studies suggest that β-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid may have an effect on increasing muscle weight and strength. The presence of elevated β-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid is a sensitive marker of biotin deficiency and may indicate the presence of a genetic disorder such as biotinidase deficiency or holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency.

Uses

3-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid is a useful biochemical for synthesis and proteomics research. It is used as an indicator of biotin deficiency. Further, it is used to increase muscle mass and decrease muscle breakdown. In addition to this, it is involved in the protein synthesis.

Definition

ChEBI: A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is isovaleric acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. Used as indicator of biotin deficiency.

beta-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid(625-08-1)Related Product Information

• β-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid-d8
• Sodium citrate
• 3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARIC ACID
• Alverine citrate
• Ammonium citrate dibasic
• TEREBIC ACID
• Triethyl citrate
• SODIUM DIHYDROGEN CITRATE
• FERRIC CITRATE
• TRIMETHYL CITRATE
• oxeladin
• Ethyl 3-methyl-3-phenylglycidate
• Tributyl citrate
• AGARIC ACID
• Citric acid
• Ammonium ferric citrate
• BETA-HYDROXYISOVALERIC ACID CALCIUM SALT HYDRATE
• LITHIUM CITRATE, 99