2-Amino-5-nitrophenol Chemical Properties

Melting point:

198-202 °C (dec.) (lit.)

Boiling point:

322.46°C (rough estimate)

Density 

1.3617 (estimate)

refractive index 

1.6890 (rough estimate)

pka

8.08±0.19(Predicted)

form 

Crystalline Powder

color 

Rust brown to brown

Water Solubility 

insoluble

BRN 

972974

CAS DataBase Reference

121-88-0(CAS DataBase Reference)

IARC

3 (Vol. 57) 1993

EPA Substance Registry System

2-Amino-5-nitrophenol (121-88-0)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xi,Xn

Risk Statements 

36/37/38-68-20/21/22

Safety Statements 

26-36/37-45-36/37/39-36

RIDADR 

2811

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

SJ6302500

TSCA 

Yes

HS Code 

29222900

Hazardous Substances Data

121-88-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 oral in rat: > 4gm/kg

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:4-Amino-3-hydroxynitrobenzene
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

2-Amino-5-nitrophenol Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

Brown to rust Crystalline powder

Uses

Reactant for:• ;Diazotation and coupling reactions1• ;Preparation of biologically and pharmacologically active molecules2

Uses

2-Amino-5-nitrophenol is used in hair dyes and as an intermediate in preparing azo dyes.

Uses

2-Amino-5-nitrophenol has been used as starting material in the synthesis of series of (Z)-2-(substituted aryl)-N-(3-oxo-4-(substituted carbamothioyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-7-yl) hydrazine carboxamides, as semi permanent (nonoxidative) hair colorant and as toner in permanent (oxidative) hair dye products, in synthesis of series of 7-benzylamino-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-ones, anticonvulsant agents. Also used as a reactant for, diazotation and coupling reactions, preparation of biologically and pharmacologically active molecules. It is also applied in hair dyes and to make azo dyes.

General Description

Brown amorphous granules or powder. Melting point 198-202°C.

Air & Water Reactions

Is slowly oxidized by air at room temperature. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

2-Amino-5-nitrophenol is a reducing agent. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Reacts slowly with oxygen in the air at room temperature. Stable at temperatures up to 140°F for two weeks when kept in the dark and under nitrogen. Stable under nitrogen for up to 24 weeks 77°F. Incompatible with strong bases . Incompatible with acid chlorides and acid anhydrides.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for 2-Amino-5-nitrophenol are not available. 2-Amino-5-nitrophenol is probably combustible.

Carcinogenicity

The potential carcinogenicity of 2-amino-5-nitrophenol was tested by NTP by oral administration (gavage) in corn oil to F344/N rats (100 and 200 mg/kg) and B6C3F1 mice (400 and 800 mg/kg) for 2 years. There was some evidence of carcinogenic activity in low-dose male rats, as indicated by increased incidence of acinar cell adenomas of the pancreas. No evidence of carcinogenic activity was found among female rats and the low-dose groups of male and female mice. The poor survival rates in the high-dose male rats and high-dose male and female mice reduced the sensitivity for detecting potential carcinogenic response.

Purification Methods

Crystallise the phenol from water. [Beilstein 13 IV 803.]

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