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GRAMICIDIN A

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GRAMICIDIN A Basic information

Product Name:
GRAMICIDIN A
Synonyms:
  • OHC-NH-VAL-GLY-ALA-D-LEU-ALA-D-VAL-VAL-D-VAL-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-CONCH2CH2OH
  • OHC-NH-VAL-GLY-ALA-D-LEU-ALA-D-VAL-VAL-D-VAL-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-CONHCH2CH2OH
  • GA
  • HCO-VAL-GLY-ALA-D-LEU-ALA-D-VAL-VAL-D-VAL-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-NHCH2CH2OH
  • HCO-VAL-GLY-ALA-D-LEU-ALA-D-VAL-VAL-D-VAL-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-D-LEU-TRP-NHCH2CH2OH
  • HCO-X-GLY-L-ALA-D-LEU-L-ALA-D-VAL-L-VAL-D-VAL-L-TRP-D-LEU-L-TRP-D-LEU-L-TRP-D-LEU-L-TRP-NHCH2CH2OH
  • GRAMICIDIN A
  • GRAMICIDIN A, BACILLUS BREVIS
CAS:
11029-61-1
MF:
C99H140N20O17
MW:
1882.29
EINECS:
234-259-8
Product Categories:
  • Interferes with Cell Membrane Permeability (Ionophores)Antibiotics
  • A - KAntibiotics
  • Antibacterial
  • Antibiotics A to
  • Antibiotics G-MAntibiotics
  • Chemical Structure Class
  • Inhibits an EnzymeAntibiotics
  • Mechanism of Action
  • Peptides
  • Spectrum of Activity
Mol File:
11029-61-1.mol
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GRAMICIDIN A Chemical Properties

storage temp. 
2-8°C
solubility 
ethanol: soluble
form 
White to off-white solid
color 
colorless or white
BRN 
6461131
Sequence
{For}-Val-Gly-Ala-{D-Leu}-Ala-{D-Val}-Val-{D-Val}-Trp-{D-Leu}-Trp-{D-Leu}-Trp-{D-Leu}-Trp-{NHCH2CH2OH}
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Safety Information

Hazard Codes 
Xn
Risk Statements 
22
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
MD8230000
Toxicity
mouse,LD50,intraperitoneal,60mg/kg (60mg/kg),"CRC Handbook of Antibiotic Compounds," Vols.1- , Berdy, J., Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1980Vol. 4(1), Pg. 240, 1980.
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GRAMICIDIN A Usage And Synthesis

Uses

Gramicidin A is an effective antibiotic against Gram positive organisms.

Biological Activity

Cell permeable: no', 'Primary Target
Causes the formation of a monovalent cation-selective ion channel', 'Product does not compete with ATP.', 'Reversible: no

in vivo

Gramicidin A (0.11 mg/kg; intratumoral injection; twice weekly for 14 days) inhibits the growth of RCC tumor xenografts[2].
Gramicidin A (0.22 mg/kg; intratumoral injection; thrice weekly for 26 days) inhibits the growth and angiogenesis of VHL-expressing RCC tumor xenografts[3].

Animal Model:Female hairless Nu/J mice, 6- to 8-week old, injected subcutaneously with a suspension of SN12C cells (1.0 × 106) in a 50% growth factor–reduced Matrigel solution[2]
Dosage:0.11 mg/kg body weight
Administration:Intratumoral injection, twice weekly for 14 days
Result:The average tumor mass was reduced by approximately 40% without significant toxicity.
Animal Model:Female hairless 6- to 8-week-old Nu/J mice, injected subcutaneously with a suspension of Caki-1-td-Tomato cells (1.5 × 106) in a 50% growth factor-reduced Matrigel solution[3].
Dosage:0.22 mg/kg
Administration:Intratumoral injection, thrice weekly for 26 days
Result:Inhibited tumor growth. HIF-2α and GAPDH protein expression was substantially reduced.

Purification Methods

Purify gramicidin A by countercurrent distribution from *C6H6/CHCl3, MeOH/H2O (15:15:23:7) with 5000 tubes. Fractions are examined by UV (280nm) of small aliquots. Separation from gramicidin C and other material occurred after 999 transfers. [Gross & Witkop Biochemistry 4 2495 1965, Bauer et al. Biochemistry 11 3266 1972.] Purify it finally by recrystallisation from EtOH/H2O and dry it at 100o/10-2mm over KOH. It forms platelets m 229-230o. It is almost insoluble in H2O (0.6%) but soluble in lower alcohols, dry Me2CO, dioxane, acetic acid and pyridine. The commercial material is more difficult to crystallise than the synthetic compound. [Sarges & Witkop J Am Chem Soc 86 1861 1964, 87 2011, 2020 1965.] It has characteristic [] D20 +27.3o (c 1.3, MeOH) and UV max at 282nm ( 22,100). The N-carbamoyldeformyl gramicidine A precipitates from EtOAc/pet ether (b 40-60o). [Beilstein 26 III/IV 4273.]

GRAMICIDIN ASupplier

J & K SCIENTIFIC LTD.
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18210857532; 18210857532
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Guangzhou Isun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
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020-39119399 18927568969
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Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd
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027-59599241 18871490274
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Creative Peptides
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Shanghai EFE Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
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021-65675885 18964387627
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info@efebio.com
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