Epinephrine Hydrochloride Chemical Properties

Melting point:

157°C

storage temp. 

Store at -20°C

solubility 

Soluble in DMSO > 10 mM

form 

Powder

InChI

InChI=1/C9H13NO3.ClH/c1-10-5-9(13)6-2-3-7(11)8(12)4-6;/h2-4,9-13H,5H2,1H3;1H/t9-;/s3

InChIKey

ATADHKWKHYVBTJ-OVMXBOEKNA-N

SMILES

[C@H](C1C=CC(O)=C(O)C=1)(O)CNC.Cl |&1:0,r|

CAS DataBase Reference

55-31-2(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Epinephrine hydrochloride (55-31-2)

Safety Information

RIDADR 

3249

HazardClass 

6.1(a)

PackingGroup 

II

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:L-Epinephrine hydrochloride

Epinephrine Hydrochloride Usage And Synthesis

Uses

It stimulates β-receptors in the myocardium, conduction system, and sinoatrial node, increasing myocardial contractility, cardiac output, conduction speed, and heart rate. It activates β2-receptors in the skin, mucous membranes, and visceral blood vessels, particularly causing significant constriction of the renal arteries, while dilating skeletal muscles and coronary arteries. It stimulates bronchial β2-receptors, causing bronchodilation. It acts on hepatic and adipose-derived β2-receptors, promoting glycogen and fat breakdown and increasing blood glucose levels. Epinephrine hydrochloride can be used for the resuscitation of cardiac arrest and anaphylactic shock, and can also be used to treat other allergic diseases (such as bronchial asthma and urticaria). When used in combination with local anesthetics, it is beneficial for local hemostasis and prolonging the drug's effect.

General Description

Crystals. Used medically as a cardiostimulant.

Air & Water Reactions

Water soluble [Merck].

Reactivity Profile

L-Epinephrine hydrochloride is readily destroyed by alkalis and oxidizing agents .

Health Hazard

SYMPTOMS: Adverse reactions include restlessness; anxiety; headache; tremor; weakness; dizziness; pallor; respiratory difficulties; palpitation; nausea and vomiting.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for L-Epinephrine hydrochloride are not available, but L-Epinephrine hydrochloride is probably combustible.

Mechanism of action

By stimulating vascular alpha-adrenergic receptors, epinephrine causes vasoconstriction, thereby increasing vascular resistance and blood pressure. When administered in the conjunctiva, Epinephrine Hydrochloride binds to alpha-adrenergic receptors in the iris sphincter muscle, resulting in vasoconstriction, a decrease in the production of aqueous humor, and a lowering of intraocular pressure. Through its beta1 receptor-stimulating actions, epinephrine increases the force and rate of myocardial contraction and relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilation.

Pharmacology

Epinephrine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of the naturally occurring sympathomimetic amine with vasoconstricting, intraocular pressure-reducing, and bronchodilating activities.

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