PEANUT OIL Chemical Properties

Density 

0.91 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.470

Flash point:

283 °C

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

Very slightly soluble in ethanol (95%); soluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and oils; miscible with carbon disulfide, chloroform, ether, and hexane.

form 

Viscous Liquid

color 

Clear yellow

Odor

nutty odor

Odor Type

nutty

EPA Substance Registry System

Peanut oil (8002-03-7)

Safety Information

Safety Statements 

24/25

WGK Germany 

-

RTECS 

RX2830000

F 

8

HS Code 

15089000

Hazardous Substances Data

8002-03-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

skn-hmn 300 mg/3D-I MLD 85DKA8 -,127,77

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich

PEANUT OIL Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

clear yellowish viscous liquid

Chemical Properties

Peanut oil is a colorless or pale yellow-colored liquid that has a faint nutty odor and a bland, nutty taste. At about 3°C it becomes cloudy, and at lower temperatures it partially solidifies.

Uses

arachis oil (peanut oil) is a carrier oil used in cosmetic products designed for sensitive and delicate skin.

Uses

Peanut Oil is the oil obtained from peanuts, consisting principally of the unsaturated fatty acids oleic and linoleic. it is liquid at room tem- perature, has a specific gravity at 38°c of approximately 1.89–0.90, and an iodine number of 85–95. it is removed from the nuts by one of two processes, namely, the expeller method, in which the shelled peanuts are cooked with steam, and fed into an expeller press which physically presses the oil from the meal; or the pre-press solvent sys- tem, which is comparable to the expeller method except that less pressure is applied, which leaves more oil in the meal, and the remain- ing meal is solvent-washed, usually with hexane, to dissolve the oil from the meal. the obtained crude oil is refined. the major use of peanut oil is in cooking oils and salad oils. peanut oil is used in deep- fat frying because of its long frying life and high smoke point. in salad oil, it contributes to the suspension of solids. other applications include shortening ingredient for doughnuts and cakes.

Uses

Pharmaceutic aid (solvent).

Uses

peanut oil is utilized as a skin softener, emulsifier, and emollient. It can also be used as a substitute for more expensive oils such as almond and olive in cosmetic creams. Peanut oil has a higher vitamin A, vitamin e, and nicotinic acid content than other nut oils. It is obtained by pressing the seed kernels.

Production Methods

Refined peanut oil is obtained from the seeds of Arachis hypogaea Linne′ (Fam. Leguminosae). The seeds are separated from the peanut shells and are expressed in a powerful hydraulic press. The crude oil has a light yellow to light brown color, and is then purified to make it suitable for food or pharmaceutical purposes. A suitable antioxidant may be added.

Definition

Extractives and their physically modified derivatives. It consists primarily of the glycerides of the fatty acids arachidic, behenic, lignoceric, linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic.

General Description

Pale yellow oily liquid with a weak odor of peanuts. Floats on water. Contains principally glycerides of oleic and linoleic acids.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

PEANUT OIL react with acids to liberate heat. Heat is also generated by interaction with caustic solutions. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali metals and hydrides. React slowly with oxygen in the air to become rancid.

Health Hazard

None-is a food.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Peanut oil is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations primarily as a solvent for sustained-release intramuscular injections. It is also used as a vehicle for topical preparations and as a solvent for vitamins and hormones. In addition, it has been part of sustained-release bead formulations,nasal drug delivery systems,and controlled-release injectables.
Therapeutically, emulsions containing peanut oil have been used in nutrition regimens, in enemas as a fecal softener, and in otic drops to soften ear wax. It is also administered orally, usually with sorbitol, as a gall bladder evacuant prior to cholecystography.
Peanut oil is also widely used as an edible oil.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Peanut oil (20% in the diet) reduces plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol without affecting high-density cholesterol in the plasma when fed to male Syrian golden hamsters at 12 weeks after feeding . Peanut oil feeding also retards the increase in aortic total cholesterol and cholesteryl ester, suggesting that peanut oil delays the development of atherosclerosis in animals consuming an atherosclerosis inducing diet.

Safety Profile

A human skin irritant and mild allergen. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. Slight spontaneous heating. To fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes

Safety

Peanut oil is mildly laxative at a dosage of 15–60mL orally or of 100–500mL rectally as an enema.
Adverse reactions to peanut oil in foods and pharmaceutical formulations have been reported extensively.These include severe allergic skin rashes and anaphylactic shock following consumption of peanut butter.Some workers have suggested that the use in infancy of preparations containing peanut oil, including infant formula and topical preparations, is associated with sensitization to peanut, with a subsequent risk of hypersensitivity reactions, and that such products should therefore be avoided or banned.However, the role of pharmaceutical preparations in later development of hypersensitivity is disputed since such preparations contain highly refined peanut oil that should not contain the proteins associated with allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.
Peanut oil is harmful if administered intravenously and it should not be used in such formulations.

storage

Peanut oil is an essentially stable material.However on exposure to air it can slowly thicken and may become rancid. Solidified peanut oil should be completely melted and mixed before use. Peanut oil may be sterilized by aseptic filtration or by dry heat, for example, by maintaining it at 150°C for 1 hour.
Peanut oil should be stored in a well-filled, airtight, lightresistant container, at a temperature not exceeding 40°C. Material intended for use in parenteral dosage forms should be stored in a glass container.

Incompatibilities

Peanut oil may be saponified by alkali hydroxides.

Regulatory Status

Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM injections, topical preparations, oral capsules, and vaginal emulsions). Included in parenteral and nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.

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