Indigo Carmine Chemical Properties

Melting point:

>300°C

Density 

1.01 g/mL at 20 °C

refractive index 

n20/D 1.335

storage temp. 

room temp

solubility 

1g/l

form 

Powder/Solid

Colour Index 

73015

color 

Very dark blue to purple

PH Range

11.5(blue)-14.0(yellow)

PH

7 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)

Odor

Light odour

Water Solubility 

1 g/100 mL (25 ºC)

Sensitive 

Light Sensitive

λmax

608nm

Merck 

14,4944

BRN 

4103904

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

Biological Applications

Detecting microorganisms; treating amyloidosis,testicular cancer; medical devices; drug delivery system

Major Application

Display device, sensor, chemical-mechanical polishing, batteries, photographic materials, thermoplastics, inks, highlighters, detergents, disinfectants, rodenticide, colored bubbles, hair dyes, cosmetics, food, determine bacterial growth, antiischemic Magents, antiseptic, antitumor agents, Alzheimer’s disease, psychoactive drugs, Tooth whitening

LogP

-3.57

CAS DataBase Reference

860-22-0(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

C.I. Acid Blue 74 (860-22-0)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xn,Xi

Risk Statements 

22-36/37/38

Safety Statements 

22-24/25-36/37/39-27-26

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

DU3000000

TSCA 

Yes

HS Code 

32041200

Hazardous Substances Data

860-22-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 2000 mg/kg

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:Disodium 5,5'-(2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indazol-2-ylidene)-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one)disulphonate
• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

Indigo Carmine Usage And Synthesis

Description

Indigo carmine is indigotindisulfonate sodium, a marker dye used during cystoscopy and ureteral catheterization.
(1) Indigo carmine is also used in endoscopic procedures, lymph node and vessel delineation, and for tumor localization. Indigo carmine is an unapproved drug without FDA approved labeling.
(2) There is no single dye that can replace indigo carmine. Choice of alternative agent will depend on type of procedure and physician discretion, as well as product availability.
Indigo Carmine (IC) is the most common chemical dye for clothes dyeing, which is considered as a refractory molecule since it is required a rather strong chemical treatment for its elimination from the water waste. The presence of this dye in residuals causes notorious change of water color and smell even in very low concentration. Moreover, if some of this water reaches natural streams it can be toxic for aquatic living entities due to the formation of toxic compounds such as aromatic amines.

Chemical Properties

purple powder

Chemical Properties

FD & C Blue No. 2 is principally the disodium salt of 2-( 1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro3-oxo-lH-indole-5-sulfonic acid.
The colorant is a blue-brown to red-brown powder that dissolves in water to give a solution that is blue at neutrality, blue-violet in acid, and green to yellow-green in base. When dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, it yields a blue-violet solution that turns blue when diluted with water. It is soluble in 95% ethanol.
FD & C Blue No. 2 is used in dessert powders, bakery goods, cereals, snack foods, confectionery products, maraschino cherries, sausage, ice cream, sherbet, and dairy products. The color is also used in drug preparations.1 .

Uses

Indigo Carmine (FD&C Blue #2) is a colorant. It has poor ph stability in that after 1 week at ph 3 and 5 it will appreciably fade, at ph 7 considerably fade, and at ph 8 fade completely. It is the least soluble of all food colors, with a solubility of 1.6 g in 100 ml of water at 25°c. Complete fading occurs in alkalis such as 10% sodium carbonate and 10% sodium hydroxide, with fading also occurring in 10% sugar systems. It has very poor light stability and oxidation stability, and moderate stability to heat; it has a deep blue hue with poor tinctorial strength. It is the only food color that has good resistance to reducing agents, but has very poor compatibility with food components. The major use is in pet food, but it is also used in candies, confections, and baked goods. The common name is indigotine.

Uses

5,5’Indigodisulfonic Acid Disodium Salt is a food additive that is widely used in the market. 5,5’Indigodisulfonic Acid Disodium Salt was also used as a dye for cationic cotton fabrics.

Uses

Colorant for nylon, surgical sutures, foods and ingested drugs. As a reagent for functional kidney tests, for detection of nitrates, chlorates and in testing milk.

Preparation

3H-indol-3-one,2-(1,3-dihydro-3-oxo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-1,2-dihydro?with strong sulfuric acid or trace fuming sulfuric acid products.

Definition

ChEBI: An organic sodium salt resulting from the formal condensation of indigo carmine (acid form) with two equivalents of sodium hydroxide. It is an indicator at pH 11.5-14, changing from blue to yellow.

brand name

Indigo Carmine (Becton Dickinson Microbiology).

General Description

Indigo to dark blue powder.

Air & Water Reactions

Water soluble.

Reactivity Profile

Sensitive to light. Very sensitive to oxidizing agents. Color is readily discharged by nitric acid, chlorates, etc. Color of aqueous solutions fades on standing.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for Acid Blue 74 is not available, but Acid Blue 74 is probably combustible.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Indigo Carmine (IC), commonly known as acid blue 74 or food blue 1 or FD and C blue 2 is a blue synthetic dye. It is used as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry and as a microscopic stain in biology. IC is also employed as a photometric detector. IC is a highly toxic indigoid dye and is associated with various health hazards such as irritation to the gastrointestinal tract leading to nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea and irritation in the respiratory tract leading to coughing and shortness of breath. IC exposure might also cause skin and eye irritations to humans. IC dye spray is used for the diagnosis of dysplasia in ulcerative colitis and is considered to be a simple, feasible, and safe method.

Properties and Applications

green light blue. Soluble in water for blue, slightly soluble in alcohol. The strong sulfuric acid is a deep blue light in purple, diluted into blue. In aqueous solution for green to yellow sodium hydroxide to join.

Standard	Light Fastness	Soaping		Persperation Fastness	Oxygen bleaching		Fastness to seawater
		Fading	Stain		Fading	Stain	Fading	Stain
ISO	1-2	2	4	2	1	2	2	1
AATCC	1	3	5	1	1	1	2	2

Purification Methods

Its solubility in H2O is 1g/100mL at 25o. It has been purified by dissolving in H2O, filtering and adding EtOH to cause the salt to separate. Wash the solid with EtOH, Et2O and dry in vacuo. [V.rlander & Schubert Chem Ber 34 1860 1901, UV: Smit et al. Anal Chem 27 1159 1955, Preisler et al. J Am Chem Soc 81 1991 1959, Beilstein 25 IV 1975.]

References

American Society of Health-system Pharmacist.
Journal of Environmental Protection, 2016, 7, 1693-1706

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