Diallyl sulfide Chemical Properties

Melting point:

-83 °C

Boiling point:

138 °C(lit.)

Density 

0.887 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor density 

3.9 (vs air)

vapor pressure 

7 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.490(lit.)

FEMA 

2042 | ALLYL SULFIDE

Flash point:

115 °F

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

3mg/mL in ethanol;5mg/mL in DMSO;10mg/mL in dimethyl formamide

form 

Liquid

color 

Clear colorless

Odor

at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. sulfurous onion garlic horseradish metallic

Odor Type

sulfurous

Odor Threshold

0.00022ppm

explosive limit

1.1%(V)

Water Solubility 

Soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether, and carbon tetrachloride. Insoluble in water.

Merck 

14,297

JECFA Number

458

BRN 

1736016

Dielectric constant

4.9（20℃）

InChIKey

UBJVUCKUDDKUJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP

2.61

CAS DataBase Reference

592-88-1(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

1-Propene, 3,3'-thiobis-(592-88-1)

EPA Substance Registry System

1-Propene, 3,3'-thiobis- (592-88-1)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xi

Risk Statements 

10-36/37/38

Safety Statements 

26-36-37/39-23-16

RIDADR 

UN 1993 3/PG 3

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

BC4900000

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

3

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29309070

Hazardous Substances Data

592-88-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:Allyl sulfide
• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

Diallyl sulfide Usage And Synthesis

General Description

Diallyl sulfide refers to the following 4 ingredients: diallyl monosulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide and diallyl tetrasulfide, which exist in putrefaction decomposer of vegetables, green onion and the fruit of.cruciferous plants. As the main component of garlic extract, it is featured with strong anti-cancer, anti-virus, antibacterial activity, strong inhibition of platelet aggregation and immunity improvement. It has been widely used in the industries such as medical and health, fodder and the like.

Physical & Chemical Properties

It is an oily substance scented with garlic. Boiling point: 139 ° C (101.056Pa), relative density: 0.8876, refractive index: 1.4877. Soluble in organic solvents such as ether and the like, insoluble in water. Also it can be oxidized to diallyl sulfone.

Figure 1: Diallyl Disulfide

Figure 2: Diallyl trisulfide

Preparation Method

The two main methods for preparation of diallyl sulfide are: biological extraction and chemical synthesis.

• Biological extraction

The more common biological extraction methods are steam distillation, organic solvent extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction. Steam distillation is to use water as a solvent, then heat under a certain pressure to extract the soluble active ingredients from the natural products. The advantage of this method is that it is simple to operate and suitable for the extraction of active ingredients that are generally easier to extract. Its disadvantages include the greater loss of the active ingredients in the thermosensitives, lower yield, and that the active ingredients in the extract are not easily separated.
Process for allicin extraction: fermentation temperature:  50 ~ 55 ℃, fermentation duration: 2h ~ 3h, add water into the garlic with the proportion of 1: 4 water, distilled for the duration of 1.5h ~ 2h.
Organic solvent extraction method is to use organic solvent as extraction agent, and extract the active ingredients of natural products at a certain temperature and extraction duration.  Usually methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl ether or the mixture of these solvents are used as the organic solvents. Compared withthe steam distillation extraction, the advantage of the organic solvent extraction is that the extract has higher purity. Also it is one of the traditional extraction methods.
Use ethanol with volume fraction of 95% as the extraction solvent, and add the extractant in proportion of 1g: 4mL. First the enzymolysis time was 0.5h when the temperature is set to 40 ℃; then have the extraction for 1.5h when the temperature is set to 30 ℃; finally set the temperature at 50 ℃, and have it concentrated under reduced pressure in a steamer rotating at a speed of 4500r / min to extract allicin. The extraction rate can reach 0.24%.

• Chemical synthesis

Mix Na2S2O3•5H2O62g (0.25mol) and 3-bromopropene 24g (0.20mol) in ethanol - water (V ethanol: V water = 60:40) evenly and reflux to homogeneity. Add 30mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid, reflux for 5h, standing still, then separate the upper layer and put it into 100mL10% NaOH solution placed in an ice bath, add 80mL of 25% K3Fe (CN) 6 (6mmol) aqueous solution while stirring and stop after 2.5h. Separate the organic layer and dry it over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Then filter off the desiccant, recover the solvent, and finally 6.6 g of pale yellow oily substance will be obtained. 
Figure 3： Synthetic route

Uses

Used as a reagent. 
Used in the industries such as medical and health, fodder and the like.

Toxicity

GRAS(FEMA)。

Maximum limits

FEMA (mg / kg): Drinks 0.04; Cold Drink 0.06; Confectionery 0.07; Bakery Products 0.05; Seasoning 13; Meat 3.7.
FDA, § 172.515: Appropriate amount.

Chemical Properties

clear colorless liquid

Chemical Properties

A colorless liquid with characteristic garlic odor. Oil-soluble component of garlic

Occurrence

Reported found in garlic (Allium sativum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), nira (Allium tuberosum Rottl.), caucas (Allium victoralis L.), mustard (Brassica species) and cooked/boiled beef

Uses

Diallyl sulfide is a modulator of drug metabolizing enzyme P450 system and inducer of the phase II detoxifying enzyme GST. Diallyl sulfide is also an inhibitor of CYP2E1 and believed to prevent chemically-induced carcinogenesis in many tissues. It is also used as a food additive. It is also used as an important raw material and intermediate used in organic Synthesis, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and dyestuff.

Uses

antibacterial, antifungal, antineoplastic, antihypercholesterolaemic, hepatoprotectant

Uses

manufacture of flavors.

Preparation

From allyl iodide plus potassium sulfide in alcoho

Definition

ChEBI: Diallyl sulfide is an organic sulfide.

Aroma threshold values

Detection at 0.05 ppb

Taste threshold values

Taste characteristics at 2 ppm: sulfureous, onion–garlic and vegetative radish-like with a slightly hot nuance

General Description

Allyl sulfide is a volatile flavor compound naturally found in Allium species such as garlic and onion. It is has a characteristic garlic odor and is used as a flavoring agent in meat and condiments.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Organosulfur compound from garlic that inhibits chemically-induced carcinogenesis in experimental animals. Competitive inhibitor of Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) that, in turn, blocks the activation of several chemcal carcinogens.

Anticancer Research

It is a thioether, found in garlic, inhibits cytochrome P450 IIE1 isoform, and therebysuppresses carcinogenesis (Aggarwal and Shishodia 2004). The consumption ofgarlic provides protection from gastrointestinal cancers and also suppresses theprogression of colorectal adenomas (Hosseini and Ghorbani 2015).

Diallyl sulfide(592-88-1)Related Product Information

• Diallylamine
• Allyl ether
• Diallyl trisulfide
• Allyl mercaptan
• 1,5-HEXADIENE
• Allyl chloride
• 2,2'-Thiobisethylamine
• Dimethyl sulfide
• Allyl glycidyl ether
• Sodium sulfide
• CARBONYL SULFIDE
• Sodium allylsulfonate
• Diphenyl sulfide
• Borane-methyl sulfide complex
• Allyl bromide
• Hydrogen Sulfide
• Allicin
• Diallyldisulfide, remainder mainly diallyl sulfide,Diallyldisulfide, 70%, remainder mainly diallyl sulfide