METFORMIN-D6, HYDROCHLORIDE Chemical Properties

Melting point:

215-218°C

storage temp. 

-20°C Freezer

solubility 

Aqueous Acid (Slightly), DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)

form 

Solid

color 

White to Off-White

Major Application

forensics and toxicology
veterinary

InChI

InChI=1S/C4H11N5.ClH/c1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H/i1D3;/hD3

InChIKey

OETHQSJEHLVLGH-MIOFBDNISA-N

SMILES

N([2H])([2H])C(=N)N([2H])C(=N)N(C)C([2H])([2H])[2H].[H]Cl

CAS Number Unlabeled

1115-70-4

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

Xn

Risk Statements 

22-36/38

Safety Statements 

26

WGK Germany 

3

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral
Eye Irrit. 2

METFORMIN-D6, HYDROCHLORIDE Usage And Synthesis

Description

Metformin-d₆ is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of metformin by GC- or LC-MS. Metformin is a biguanide with diverse biological activities. Metformin (250 mg/kg, i.p.) increases hepatic AMPK activity and reduces blood glucose by more than 50% in a liver kinase B1-dependent manner in mice fed normal and high-fat diets, respectively, and reduces blood glucose by 40% in ob/ob mice. It reduces weight gain, hepatic lipid droplet content, and total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in the plasma of diet-induced obese mice when administered at doses of 10 or 50 mg/kg per day. It also reverses increased hepatic triglyceride and apolipoprotein A5 levels, as well as hepatic steatosis, in a dose-dependent manner in an ob/ob mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Metformin (250 mg/kg) reduces tumor growth in an HCT116 p53^-\- human colon cancer mouse xenograft model, but has no effect on HCT116 p53^-\- tumors overexpressing recombinant S. cerevisiae Ndi1 NADH dehydrogenase, a single-subunit ortholog of the multi-subunit mammalian mitochondrial complex I. Formulations containing metformin have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Chemical Properties

White Crystalline Solid

Uses

An oral hypoglycemic agent.

IC 50

AMPK

References

[1] BENOIT VIOLLET. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of metformin: an overview.[J]. Clinical science, 2012, 122 6: 253-270. DOI: 10.1042/cs20110386
[2] REUBEN J. SHAW. The Kinase LKB1 Mediates Glucose Homeostasis in Liver and Therapeutic Effects of Metformin[J]. Science, 2005, 310 5754. DOI: 10.1126/science.1120781
[3] WILLIAM W WHEATON. Metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex I of cancer cells to reduce tumorigenesis.[J]. eLife, 2014: e02242. DOI: 10.7554/elife.02242
[4] EUN KYUNG KIM. Metformin Prevents Fatty Liver and Improves Balance of White/Brown Adipose in an Obesity Mouse Model by Inducing FGF21[J]. Mediators of Inflammation, 2016, 42 1. DOI: 10.1155/2016/5813030
[5] MIN-JIE LIN. Metformin improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese mice via down-regulation of apolipoprotein A5 as part of the AMPK/LXRα signaling pathway.[J]. Oncotarget, 2017, 8 65: 108802-108809. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22163

METFORMIN-D6, HYDROCHLORIDE(1185166-01-1)Related Product Information

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