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Valeraldehyde

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Valeraldehyde Basic information

Product Name:
Valeraldehyde
Synonyms:
  • Pentanal 95%
  • Valeraldehyde, Pentaldehyde
  • Valeraldehyde, 97% 250ML
  • PENTANAL FOR SYNTHESIS 100 ML
  • PENTANAL FOR SYNTHESIS 500 ML
  • Is valeraldehyde
  • Pentanal Valeral Valeric aldehyde
  • Pentanal for synthesis
CAS:
110-62-3
MF:
C5H10O
MW:
86.13
EINECS:
203-784-4
Product Categories:
  • bc0001
Mol File:
110-62-3.mol
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Valeraldehyde Chemical Properties

Melting point:
-92 °C
Boiling point:
103 °C
Density 
0.81 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor pressure 
36 hPa (20 °C)
refractive index 
n20/D 1.394(lit.)
FEMA 
3098 | VALERALDEHYDE
Flash point:
54 °F
storage temp. 
Store at +2°C to +8°C.
solubility 
soluble in ethyl alcohol, ethyl ether, and other common organic solvents.
color 
Colorless to Light yellow
Odor
at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. fermented bready fruity nutty berry
Odor Type
fermented
Odor Threshold
0.00041ppm
explosive limit
1.7-6.8%(V)
Water Solubility 
14 g/L (20 ºC)
Sensitive 
Air Sensitive
Merck 
14,9902
JECFA Number
89
BRN 
1616304
Exposure limits
TLV-TWA 175 mg/m3 (50 ppm) (ACGIH and OSHA).
Dielectric constant
10.1
Dielectric constant
13.9(Ambient)
Stability:
Stable. Highly flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids, strong alkalies, strong reducing agents.
LogP
1.5 at 25℃ and pH7
CAS DataBase Reference
110-62-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Pentanal(110-62-3)
EPA Substance Registry System
Pentanal (110-62-3)
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Safety Information

Hazard Codes 
F,Xi
Risk Statements 
11-38-41-36/37/38
Safety Statements 
16-26-33-39-37/39
RIDADR 
UN 2058 3/PG 2
WGK Germany 
1
RTECS 
YV3600000
10-23
Autoignition Temperature
428 °F
Hazard Note 
Irritant/Flammable/Air Sensitive
TSCA 
Yes
HazardClass 
3
PackingGroup 
II
HS Code 
29121900
Hazardous Substances Data
110-62-3(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 orally in rats: 5.66 ml/kg (Smyth)

MSDS

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Valeraldehyde Usage And Synthesis

Description

Valeraldehyde is one of the key volatile flavor compounds identified in cooked rice, beef fish meat and uncured ham. Its smell is described as fermented, bready, fruity, nutty, berry.It is an alkyl aldehyde used in flavoring Compounds, resin chemistry, rubber accelerators.

Chemical Properties

Valeraldehyde is a colorless flammable liquid with a strong acrid, pungent odor. At low levels, the taste is warm, slightly fruity and nut-like.The odor threshold is 0.028 ppm. Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol and ether.

Occurrence

Valeraldehyde is naturally occurring (e.g., plant volatile). Reported found among the constituents of several essential oils: Brazilian sassafras, Bulgarian rose, Bulgarian clary sage and others. Also in the distillates from leaves of various Eucalyptus species: E. cinereea, E. globulus, E. dives, E. maideni and E. hemilampra. Also reported found in fresh apple, banana, sweet cherry, black currant berries, fresh blackberry, Bantu beer, plum brandy, cardamom, coriander leaf, unprocessed rice, Bourbon vanilla, cooked shrimp, scallop, hog plum and clary sage.

Uses

Valeraldehyde is mainly used for hydrogenation to Isoamyl alcohol and oxidation to valeric acid. It can also be used as a raw material for fragrances, resin chemistry, and rubber accelerators.

Application

Valeraldehyde is used as a gaseous standard in the study of the sorptive loss pattern for volatile compounds.
Valeraldehyde has been used to study its time-weighted average sampling using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device.
Valeraldehyde is used in flavoring compounds and as a rubber accelerator.
Valeraldehyde is also used extensively as a natural and synthetic flavoring agent. It is used as a top note for flavor to give identity (fruity, nutty) on first impression and is a component of rose oil used to flavor foods, beverages and chewing tobacco (Furia, 1972; Rogers, 1981; NLM, 1996).
Valeraldehyde is mainly used as a chemical intermediate. As a starting material in industrial organic synthesis, it is hydrogenated to 1-pentanol, oxidized to valeric acid, and aminated to 1-aminopentane (Falbe et al., 1985; NLM, 1996).

Preparation

Valeraldehyde can be prepared by oxidation of the corresponding alcohol, 1-pentanol or by reduction of n-valeric acid (Opdyke, 1979; Lewis, 1993). Valeraldehyde is one of a number of aliphatic aldehydes industrially prepared by the oxo process, which involves the reaction of olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. Use of a cobalt carbonyl complex as catalyst required high pressure in an older process, which has been largely replaced by a low-pressure process based on rhodium complex catalysts, such as a tris (alkyldiarylphosphine) rhodium carbonyl hydride.

Definition

ChEBI: Valeraldehyde is a saturated fatty aldehyde composed from five carbons in a straight chain. It has a role as a plant metabolite.

Aroma threshold values

Detection: 12 to 100 ppb

Taste threshold values

Taste characteristics at 25 ppm: winey, fermented, bready and cocoa chocolate notes.

General Description

A colorless liquid. Slightly soluble in water and less dense than water. Flash point 54°F. Vapors heavier than air. Used to make artificial flavorings and rubber.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water. Valeraldehyde may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to air.

Reactivity Profile

Valeraldehyde is an aldehyde. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation. Valeraldehyde is incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong bases and strong reducing agents.

Health Hazard

n-Valeraldehyde is a moderate skin andeye irritant. At a high concentration theirritation may be severe; 100 mg/day wasseverely irritating on rabbits’ eyes. Pure liquidcaused severe irritation to guinea pigskin. The systemic toxicity of valeraldehydeis very low.
LD50 value, skin (rabbits): 4857 mg/kg
LD50 value, oral (rats): 3200 mg/kg
Inhalation toxicity is very low. Exposure to4000 ppm for air was lethal to rats.

Fire Hazard

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mddly toxic by inhalation and s h contact. A severe eye and skin irritant. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. %%en heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ALDEHYDES.

Potential Exposure

Valeraldehyde is used in food flavorings; in resin chemistry. It is also used in the acceleration of rubber vulcanization.

Carcinogenicity

n-Valeraldehyde caused chromosomal and DNA effects in mammalian cells in culture but was not mutagenic in an Ames bacterial test.

Shipping

UN2058 Valeraldehyde, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.

Purification Methods

Purify pentanal via the bisulfite derivative (see 2-butanone above for the preparation and decomposition of the bisulfite derivative). [Birrell & Trotman-Dickinson J Chem Soc 2059 1960, Beilstein 1 H 676, 1 IV 3268.] The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone [2057-84-3] M 266.3 has m 103-105o (from EtOH). [Beilstein 15 III/IV 429.]

Incompatibilities

Vapor may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, caustics, amines.

Waste Disposal

Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

ValeraldehydeSupplier

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