Mestinon Chemical Properties

Melting point:

154 °C

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

Very soluble in water and in ethanol (96 per cent).

form 

Solid

color 

White to Almost white

Merck 

14,7977

BCS Class

3

InChIKey

VNYBTNPBYXSMOO-UHFFFAOYSA-M

CAS DataBase Reference

101-26-8(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Pyridinium, 3-[[(dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy]-1-methyl-, bromide (1:1) (101-26-8)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

T+

Risk Statements 

26/27/28-43

Safety Statements 

22-36/37/39-45

RIDADR 

UN 2811 6.1/PG 2

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

UU5270000

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

2933399090

Hazardous Substances Data

101-26-8(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

man,TDLo,oral,9mg/kg (9mg/kg),PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FASCICULATIONS,Israel Journal of Medical Sciences. Vol. 27, Pg. 659, 1991.

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:Mestinon

Mestinon Usage And Synthesis

Description

Pyridostigmine is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; IC₅₀s = 0.35 and 1 μM, respectively, for the human enzymes). Pyridostigmine (10 μM) reduces decreases in AChE activity induced by the organophosphate pesticides diisopropyl fluorophosphate, chlorpyrifos-oxon, diazinon-oxon, paraoxon, and malaoxon in isolated bovine red blood cells. It also reduces soman-induced membrane depolarization and decreases in AChE activity in isolated human muscle bundles in a concentration-dependent manner. Pyridostigmine (3 mg/kg per day for four weeks) prevents tachycardia and increases in sympathetic tone in mice following myocardial infarction induced by left coronary artery ligation. Formulations containing pyridostigmine have been used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and as neuromuscular protective agents against organophosphate poisoning.

Chemical Properties

White Solid

Uses

Cholinergic, used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis, and is a pre-exposure antidote to chemical warfare agents.

Definition

ChEBI: Pyridostigmine bromide is a pyridinium salt.

brand name

Mestinon (Valeant); Regonol (Sandoz).

General Description

Pyridostigmine bromide,3-hydroxy-1-methylpyridinium bromide dimethylcarbamateor pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon), occurs as a white, hygroscopic,crystalline powder with an agreeable, characteristicodor. It is freely soluble in water, alcohol, and chloroform.
Pyridostigmine bromide is about one fifth as toxic asneostigmine. It appears to function in a manner similar tothat of neostigmine and is the most widely used anticholinesteraseagent for treating myasthenia gravis. Theliver enzymes and plasma cholinesterase metabolize thedrug. The principal metabolite is 3-hydroxy-N-methylpyridinium.Orally administered pyridostigmine has a half-lifeof 90 minutes and a duration of action of between 3 and6 hours.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

Clinical Use

Myasthenia gravis

Drug interactions

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Aminoglycosides, clindamycin and polymyxins antagonise effects of pyridostigmine.

Metabolism

Pyridostigmine undergoes hydrolysis by cholinesterases and is also metabolised in the liver. It appears that 75% of the plasma clearance of pyridostigmine depends on renal function. 3-Hydroxy-N-methylpyridinium has been identified as one of the 3 metabolites isolated from the urine. Pyridostigmine is excreted mainly in the urine as unchanged drug and metabolites.

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