D-CAMPHOR Property

Melting point:

178-182 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

204 °C

alpha 

D25 +41 to +43° (c = 10 in U.S.P. alcohol) according to U.S.P. specif

Density 

0,99 g/cm³

vapor density 

5.24 (vs air)

vapor pressure 

4 mm Hg ( 70 °C)

FEMA 

2230 | D-CAMPHOR

refractive index 

44.5 ° (C=20, EtOH)

Flash point:

148 °F

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

Slightly soluble in water, very soluble in alcohol and in light petroleum, freely soluble in fatty oils, very slightly soluble in glycerol.

form 

Crystals

color 

White

Odor

at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. camphor minty phenolic herbal woody

Odor Type

camphoreous

explosive limit

3.5%

optical activity

[α]25/D +44°, c = 10 in ethanol

Water Solubility 

Soluble in water (0.1 g/L at 20°C).

Merck 

14,1732

JECFA Number

1395

BRN 

2042745

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with strong reducing agents, strong oxidizing agents, chlorinated solvents. Protect from direct sunlight.

LogP

2.3 at 20℃

CAS DataBase Reference

464-49-3(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

D-Camphor (464-49-3)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

F,Xn,Xi

Risk Statements 

11-22-36/37/38-20/21/22-36

Safety Statements 

16-26-36-37/39

RIDADR 

UN 2717 4.1/PG 3

WGK Germany 

1

RTECS 

EX1260000

Autoignition Temperature

870 °F

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

4.1

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29142910

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H228Flammable solid

H315Causes skin irritation

H318Causes serious eye damage

H332Harmful if inhaled

H371May cause damage to organs

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

D-CAMPHOR Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

(1R)-(+)-Camphor is a terpene that has been found in C. sativa, C. indica, and C. sativa/C. indica hybrid strains as well as the essential oils from a variety of herbs including rosemary, lavender, and sage and has diverse biological activities. It inhibits norepinephrine secretion and cytosolic calcium and sodium increases induced by the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide (DMPP) in chromaffin cells (IC₅₀s = 70, 88, and 19 μM, respectively). (1R)-(+)-Camphor (65-260 μM) induces proliferation of and increases expression of collagen IA, collagen IIIA, collagen IVA, and elastin in human primary dermal fibroblasts. In vivo, (1R)-(+)-camphor increases expression of collagen IA, collagen IIIA, collagen IVA, and elastin in skin in UV-exposed mice when administered at doses of 26 and 55 mM in drinking water post UV-exposure. It reduces cough frequency in citric acid-challenged guinea pigs. (1R)-(+)-Camphor is insecticidal, reducing digging activity and inducing mortality of fire ant workers. It has also been used as a building block in the synthesis of cannabinergic ligands.

Chemical Properties

white crystals

Chemical Properties

d-Camphor has a warm, minty, almost ethereal diffusive aroma. For other details of description, see Camphor Tree.

Occurrence

Frequently occurring in nature as the d- or l-form; the optically inactive form is seldom encountered. The d-form has been reported found in Cinnamomum camphora Ness. (Laurus camphora L.) from China, Japan and the East Indies; in Sassafras officinale, Lavandula spica and in other Labiatae. The l-form is reported found in the essential oils of Salvia grandiflora, Matricaria parthenium, Artemisia herba alba; the optically inactive form is found in Chrysanthemum japonicum sinense. Also reported found in orange peel oil, lemon peel oil, apricot, raspberry, anise, cinnamon root bark, ginger, pepper, coriander, calamus, sweet fennel and rosemary.

Uses

(1R)-(+)-Camphor is used as a chiral intermediate and auxiliary. It is also used as a skin antipruritic and as an anti-infective agent.

Uses

analgesic, antiinfective, antipruritic

Uses

D-Camphor may be used as reference material for the quantification of the analyte in Saraca asoca and coriander using chromatography techniques.

Uses

(R)-(+)-Camphor is a terpenoid with a wide variety of use. (R)-(+)-Camphor has insecticidal activity and is also used as an antimicrobial agent. (R)-(+)-Camphor is used as a culinary flavouring agent in parts of asia.

Definition

ChEBI: The (R)- enantiomer of camphor.

Aroma threshold values

Detection at 1 to 1.29 ppm

Taste threshold values

Taste characteristics at 20 ppm: medicinal, camphoraceous, mentholic and woody.

General Description

Colorless or white crystals. Sublimes. Flash point 149°F. Burns readily with a bright, smoky flame. Penetrating aromatic odor. Pungent, aromatic taste followed by a sensation of cold.

Air & Water Reactions

Flammable. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

D-CAMPHOR is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents and chlorinated solvents.

Fire Hazard

D-CAMPHOR is combustible.

Flammability and Explosibility

Flammable

Synthesis

Natural camphor is obtained by distillation from the plants of Cinnamomum or Laurus camphora from China and Japan, together with the corresponding essential oils; the raw camphor contains several impurities. It is separated from the water and the essential oil by pressure or by centrifugation and subsequently purified by sublimation or crystallization. Synthetic camphor is prepared from pinene isolated by fractional distillation of turpentine oil; pinene is reacted to bornyl chloride with gaseous HCl under pressure and then to camphene. The distilled and purified camphene is then oxidized to camphor with Na+ or K+ bichromate in the presence of H2SO4.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from EtOH, 50% EtOH/water, MeOH, or pet ether or from glacial acetic acid by addition of water. It can be sublimed (50o/14mm) and also fractionally crystallised from its own melt. It is steam volatile. It should be stored in tight containers as it is appreciably volatile at room temperature. The solubility is 0.1% (H2O), 100% (EtOH), 173% (Et2O) and 300%