FERBAM Property

Melting point:

180°C (dec.)

Density 

0.21[at 20℃]

vapor pressure 

2 x 10^-11 Pa (est.)

storage temp. 

0-6°C

solubility 

DMSO (Slightly)

Water Solubility 

130 mg l^-1 (room temperature)

form 

solid

color 

Black

Hydrolytic Sensitivity

4: no reaction with water under neutral conditions

Merck 

14,4013

Exposure limits

NIOSH 10 mg/m3, IDLH 800 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: TWA 15 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 mg/m3.

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidants.

InChIKey

WHDGWKAJBYRJJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K

LogP

-1.597 at 20℃

CAS DataBase Reference

14484-64-1

IARC

3 (Vol. 12, Sup 7) 1987

EPA Substance Registry System

Ferbam (14484-64-1)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xi,N

Risk Statements 

36/37/38-50/53

Safety Statements 

26-36/37/39-61-60

RIDADR 

UN3077 9/PG 3

RTECS 

NO8750000

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

29302000

Hazardous Substances Data

14484-64-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 in male mice, rats (mg/kg): 3000, 2700 i.p. (Hodge)

IDLA

800 mg/m3

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H330Fatal if inhaled

H335May cause respiratory irritation

H361Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child

H373May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P201Obtain special instructions before use.

P202Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.

P260Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P284Wear respiratory protection.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P308+P313IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.

P391Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment

P403+P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.

P405Store locked up.

P501Dispose of contents/container to..…

FERBAM Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

Ferbam is a combustible, odorless dark brownto black powder or granular solid. Molecularweight = 416.51; Freezing/Melting point = .180 C(decomposes). Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704M Rating System): Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0.Practically insoluble in water; solubility = 0.01%.

Chemical Properties

odourless black solid

Chemical Properties

Ferbam is a combustible, odorless dark brown to black powder or granular solid

Uses

Fruit fungicide.

Uses

Nonphytotoxic fungicide used to control scab on fruits and other crops.

Uses

Ferbam is a protective fungicide applied to foliage to control scab on pome fruit, peach leaf curl, blue mould on tobacco and other diseases on many other crops. It is often used in combinations with other dithiocarbamates to extend the spectrum of activity.

Definition

A wettable powder containing 76% ferbam.

General Description

Ferbam is a carbamate fungicide. It is a stable, black powder and combustible and gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Ferbam is incompatible with strong oxidants. It is used for foliar protectant against scab, rust, mould, and many fungal diseases on fruits, vegetables, melons, and ornamentals. Also, it works as a repellent towards Japanese beetles. The major uses of ferbam are in the control of apple scab and cedar apple rust, peach leaf curl, tobacco blue mould, and cranberry diseases. Ferbam is a broad-spectrum registered fungicide for the control of certain diseases in fruit trees, small fruit and berry crops, potatoes, ornamentals, conifers, and tobacco and for use on citrus, pome, stone fruits, and cranberries. Major areas of use include Florida, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and other countries. Ferbam is used as water-dispersible granule, 76WG.

Air & Water Reactions

Thio and dithiocarbamates slowly decompose in aqueous solution to form carbon disulfide and methylamine or other amines. Such decompositions are accelerated by acids.

Reactivity Profile

FERBAM is a dithiocarbamate. Flammable gases are generated by the combination of thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. Thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates are incompatible with acids, peroxides, and acid halides.

Hazard

Irritant to eyes and mucous membranes. Questionable carcinogen.

Health Hazard

Ferbam is an irritant of the eyes and respiratory tract; in animals it causes central nervous system depression, and it is expected that severe exposure will cause the same effect in humans.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Agricultural Uses

Fungicide: Registered for use in the U.S. and Canada. Not approved for use in EU countries. A dimethyl-dithiocarbamate fungicide. It is widely used, together with other fungicides, to control Postbloom Fruit Drop (PFD) on citrus crops, and as a foliar protectant against scab, rust, mold and many fungus disease on fruits, vegetables, melons and ornamentals. It is registered in several states for use on currents and gooseberries to control leaf spot disease, and on apple, crabapple, hawthorn and quince to control cedar-apple rust disease. It is used to control rust disease on shrubs and ornamentals.

Trade name

AI3-14689®; AAFERTIS®; APPLE DUST No. 1®[C]; BERCEMA FERTAM 50®; CASWELL No. 458®; FERBAM 50®; FERBECK®; FERMATE FERBAM FUNGICIDE®[C]; FERMOCIDE®; FERRADOUR®; FERRADOW®; FUKLASIN ULTRA®; HEXAFERB®; HOKMATE®; KARBAM BLACK®; KARBAM CARBAMATE®; KNOCKMATE®; NIACIDE®; STAUFFER FERBAM®; SUP’R-FLO FERBAM FLOWABLE®; TRICARBAMIX®[C]; TRIFUNGOL®; VANCIDE FE95®[C]

Safety Profile

Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported. A fungicide. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx. See also CARBAiMATES.

Potential Exposure

A dithiocarbamate. A potential danger to those involved in the production, formulation and application of this dithiocarbamate; used as a fungicide, rubber accelerator, and plastics prodegradant. Some dithiocarbamates have been used as rubber components

First aid

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.

Environmental Fate

Plant. Decomposes in plants to ethylene thiourea, ethylene thiuram monosul?de, ethylene thiuram disul?de and sulfur (Hartley and Kidd, 1987).
Chemical/Physical. Hydrolyzes in acidic media releasing carbon disul?de. Decomposes in water forming ethylene thiourea (Hartley and Kidd, 1987).
Decomposes >180°C (Windholz et al., 1983) emitting toxic fumes of nitrogen and sulfur oxides (Lewis, 1990; Sax and Lewis, 1987).

Metabolic pathway

Ferbam generates dimethyldithiocarbamic acid by being cleaved in acidic conditions and in biological media. The acid is conjugated with glucose and alanine in plants and with glucuronic acid in mammals. Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid is further degraded to dimethylamine and CS2. An extensive review of the properties of the dithiocarbamate pesticides was published by the World Health Organisation (WHO, 1988) from which much of the following information is taken.

storage

Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Ferbam is incompatible with strong oxidizers (suchas chlorine, bromine, and fluorine). Store in tightly closedcontainers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from oxidizers, strong bases and from heat and moisture. Ferbam candecompose upon long-term storage.

Shipping

UN2771 Dithiocarbamate and Thiocarbamate pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required

Degradation

Ferbam is hydrolysed in acidic media forming dimethyldithiocarbamic acid (2) that in turn decomposes to liberate carbon disulfide (PM) (see Scheme 1).

Incompatibilities

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Heat alkalies (lime); moisture can cause decomposition. Decomposes on prolonged storage. Dithiocarbamate esters are combustible. They react violently with powerful oxidizers such as calcium hypochlorite. Poisonous gases are generated by the thermal decomposition of Dithiocarbamate compounds, including carbon disulfide, oxides of sulfur, oxides of nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and methylamine. Thio and dithiocarbamates slowly decompose in aqueous solution to form carbon disulfide and methylamine or other amines. Such decompositions are accelerated by acids. Flammable gases are generated by the combination of dithiocarbamate with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. Dithiocarbamate are incompatible with acids, peroxides, and acid halides.

Waste Disposal

Ferbam is hydrolyzed by alkali and is unstable to moisture, lime and heat. Ferbam can be incinerated. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal