dichlorine oxide Property

Melting point:

-120.6°

Boiling point:

bp 2.2°

Density 

1.549 (estimate)

solubility 

very soluble in H2O

form 

yellow-brown gas

color 

yellow-brown

Water Solubility 

1 volume of water dissolves more than 100 volumes (0°C); saturation solubility is 143.6g/100g H2O (?9.4°C) [MER06] [KIR78]

EPA Substance Registry System

Chlorine monoxide (7791-21-1)

Safety

Hazardous Substances Data

7791-21-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H290May be corrosive to metals

H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage

H318Causes serious eye damage

H400Very toxic to aquatic life

H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P234Keep only in original container.

P260Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P301+P330+P331IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.

P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.

P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P310Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.

P321Specific treatment (see … on this label).

P363Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.

P390Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.

P391Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment

P404Store in a closed container.

P405Store locked up.

P501Dispose of contents/container to..…

dichlorine oxide Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Reactions

The oxidation state of chlorine is +1. The compound is highly unstable, decomposing to chlorine and oxygen when exposed to light, heat, spark, or under catalytic conditions. It reacts with hot water forming hypochlorous acid:
Cl2O + H2O → 2HOCl
It oxidizes a number of compounds, undergoing violent decomposition. It reacts with metals under controlled conditions, forming their hypochlorites.

Chemical Properties

yellowish brown gas; disagreeable penetrating odor; explodes on contact with organic matter; decomposes at a moderate rate at room temp; anhydride of hypochlorous acid; Henry’s constant at 3.46°C is 14.23kPa/(molarity); enthalpy of vaporization 25.9kJ/mol; can be prepared by reacting Cl2 with HgO; used as an intermediate in manufacture of calcium hypochlorite and in sterilization; reacts with a variety of organic compounds [MER06] [KIR78]

Physical properties

Yellowish-brown gas; disagreeable suffocating odor; unstable at room temperature; gas density 3.89 g/L at 0°C; condenses to a reddish brown liquid at 2.2°C; freezes at -20°C; highly soluble in water; also soluble in alkalis, sulfuric acid, and carbon tetrachloride.

Uses

Chlorine monoxide is used as a strongand selective chlorinating agent. It is storedbelow -80°C ( -112°F) as a liquid or solid.

Uses

Dichlorine oxide is a chlorinating agent.

Preparation

Chlorine monoxide is prepared by passing chlorine gas over yellow mercuric oxide. It is stored below -80°C as a liquid or solid.

Definition

An orange gas made by passing chlorine over mercury(II) oxide. It is a strong oxidizing agent and dissolves in water to give chloric( I) acid.

General Description

Red-yellow gas. Very reactive and unstable. Unusually stored as hydrate in frozen form. Used as a wood bleach, biocide and swimming pool treatment.

Air & Water Reactions

Decomposes in water forming chlorine and oxygen gases.

Reactivity Profile

Explodes when heated or by reaction with organic materials, including: carbon, carbon disulfide, ethers, hydrocarbons, dicyanogen, any readily oxidizable materials (ammonia, potassium, arsenic, antimony, sulfur, mercury sulfide, calcium phosphide, phosphine, phosphorus, hydrogen sulfide, antimony sulfide, barium sulfide, mercury sulfide, and tin sulfide). Dissolves in alkalis, forming a mixture of chlorite and chlorate. Concentration of gas should be limited to less than 10% to reduce explosion hazard. Alcohols are oxidized explosively.

Hazard

Although a nonflammable gas, it reacts explosively with many substances, including organics, metals, metal sulfides, sulfur, phosphorus, nitric oxide, ammonia, carbon disulfide, metal hydrides, and charcoal. It is a severe irritant to the eyes, nose, skin, and respiratory tract. Inhalation of the gas at 100 ppm can be fatal to humans.

Health Hazard

Chlorine monoxide is severely irritating tothe eyes, skin, and mucous membranes.Exposure can cause lung damage. LC50 dataare not available for this compound. Ashort exposure to 100 ppm concentration cancause death to humans.

Fire Hazard

Nonflammable gas. Chlorine monoxide is a highly reactive compound, exploding by itself when rapidly heated. Chlorine monoxide explodes with organic compounds, charcoal, metals, metal sulfides, sulfur, phosphorus, ammonia, nitric oxide, and carbon disulfide.