ChemicalBook > CAS DataBase List > Decane

Decane

Product Name
Decane
CAS No.
124-18-5
Chemical Name
Decane
Synonyms
N-DECANE;Decan;n-Decan;n-Decane, 99.5%;n-Decane for synthesis;DECANE;n-C10H22;N- Decano;ALKANE C10;Decane >
CBNumber
CB5852985
Molecular Formula
C10H22
Formula Weight
142.28
MOL File
124-18-5.mol
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Decane Property

Melting point:
-30 °C
Boiling point:
174 °C(lit.)
Density 
0.735
vapor density 
4.9 (vs air)
vapor pressure 
1 mm Hg ( 16.5 °C)
refractive index 
n20/D 1.411(lit.)
Flash point:
115 °F
storage temp. 
Store below +30°C.
solubility 
0.00005g/l
form 
Liquid
color 
Colorless
Specific Gravity
0.731 (20/4℃)
Relative polarity
-0.3
Odor Threshold
0.87ppm
explosive limit
0.7-5.4%(V)
Water Solubility 
INSOLUBLE
BRN 
1696981
Henry's Law Constant
5.59 at 25 °C (calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure, Tolls, 2002)
Dielectric constant
1.8（130℃）
Stability:
Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents. Flammable.
InChIKey
DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP
5.010
CAS DataBase Reference
124-18-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
Decane(124-18-5)
EPA Substance Registry System
Decane (124-18-5)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
Xn,N,F
Risk Statements 
10-65-66-67-62-51/53-48/20-38-11
Safety Statements 
62-23-16-61-36/37-33-29-9
RIDADR 
UN 2247 3/PG 3
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
HD6550000
Autoignition Temperature
410 °F
TSCA 
Yes
HazardClass 
3
PackingGroup 
III
HS Code 
29011090
Hazardous Substances Data
124-18-5(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 5000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rat > 2000 mg/kg
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Danger
Hazard statements

H226Flammable liquid and vapour

H304May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P233Keep container tightly closed.

P240Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.

P241Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/…/equipment.

P301+P310IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.

P331Do NOT induce vomiting.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
DX0030
Product name
Decane
Packaging
20L
Price
$9330
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.20383
Product name
n-Decane
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
250ML
Price
$40.6
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.03405
Product name
n-Decane
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
100mL
Price
$43
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.20383
Product name
n-Decane
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
1L
Price
$125
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
8.03405
Product name
n-Decane
Purity
for synthesis
Packaging
250ML
Price
$86.3
Updated
2024/03/01
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Decane Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

colourless liquid

Chemical Properties

Decane, C10H22, is a flammable liquid with specific gravity 0.73. Decane is a constituent in the paraffin fraction of crude oil and natural gas. It is released to the environment via the manufacture, use, and disposal of many products associated with the petroleum, gasoline, and plastics industries.

Physical properties

Clear, colorless liquid. Reported odor threshold concentrations were 11.3 mg/m3 by Laffort and Dravnieks (1973) and 620 ppbv by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).

Uses

Internal standard in the GC analysis of oxalic, malonic, and succinic acids in biological materials.

Uses

Decane is obtained mainly from the refining of petroleum. It is a component of engine fuel and is used in organic synthesis, as a solvent, as a standardized hydrocarbon, and in jet fuel research.

Uses

Decane is a constituent in the paraffin fraction of petroleum and is also present in low concentrations as a component of gasoline. It is used as a solvent in organic synthesis reactions as a hydrocarbon standard in the manufacture of petroleum products, in the rubber industry, and in the paper processing industry, and as a constituent in polyolefin manufacturing wastes. Decane is a flammable liquid (at room temperature) that is lighter than water.

Definition

ChEBI: Decane is a straight-chain alkane with 10 carbon atoms.

Reactions

The Combustion Reaction of Decane is as follows:
Like all hydrocarbons, decane undergoes hydrocarbon combustion when used as a fuel. The balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of decane is: 
2 C10H22 + 31 O2 → 20 CO2 + 22 H2O + Heat Energy (Enthalpy) 
The hydrocarbon combustion reaction releases heat energy and is an example of an exothermic reaction. The reaction also has a negative enthalpy change (ΔH) value.

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 43, p. 2259, 1978 DOI: 10.1021/jo00405a036
Tetrahedron Letters, 34, p. 3745, 1993 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)79216-1

General Description

A colorless liquid. Flash point 115°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air. In high concentrations its vapors may be narcotic. Used as a solvent and to make other chemicals.

Air & Water Reactions

Flammable. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

DECANE is incompatible with oxidizing agents.

Health Hazard

Contact with eyes may produce mild irritation. Contact with skin may cause defatting, redness, scaling, and hair loss. Ingestion may cause diarrhea, slight central nervous system depression, difficulty in breathing and fatigue. Inhalation of high concentrations may cause rapid breathing, fatigue, headache, dizziness, and other CNS effects.

Fire Hazard

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: May produce toxic fumes, including carbon monoxide.

Flammability and Explosibility

Flammable

Biochem/physiol Actions

Decane-1,2-diol derivative might prevent cancer development.

Safety Profile

Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. A simple asphyxiant. Narcotic in high concentrations, Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or flame. Can react with oxidizing materials. Moderately explosive in its vapor form. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. Emitted from modern buildtng materials (CENEAR 69,22,91). See also ARGON for discussion of asphyxiants.

Carcinogenicity

Mice treated with decane developed tumors on the backs, after exposure to ultraviolet radiation at wavelengths longer than 350 nm, generally considered noncarcinogenic. A series of 21 tobacco smoke components and related compounds were applied to mouse skin (50 female ICR/Ha Swiss mice/group) three times weekly with 5 mug/application of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). The test compounds were of five classes: aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, and longchain acids and alcohols. Decane was among the compounds that enhanced remarkably the carcinogenicity of B[a]P. and also acted as tumor promoter in two-stage carcinogenesis.

Source

Major constituent in paraffin (quoted, Verschueren, 1983).
Identified as one of 140 volatile constituents in used soybean oils collected from a processing plant that fried various beef, chicken, and veal products (Takeoka et al., 1996).
California Phase II reformulated gasoline contained decane at a concentration of 1,120 mg/kg. Gas-phase tailpipe emission rates from gasoline-powered automobiles with and without catalytic converters were 300 and 42,600 μg/km, respectively (Schauer et al., 2002).

Environmental Fate

Biological. Decane may biodegrade in two ways. The first is the formation of decyl hydroperoxide, which decomposes to 1-decanol, followed by oxidation to decanoic acid. The other pathway involves dehydrogenation to 1-decene, which may react with water giving 1-decanol (Dugan, 1972). Microorganisms can oxidize alkanes under aerobic conditions (Singer and Finnerty, 1984). The most common degradative pathway involves the oxidation of the terminal methyl group forming the corresponding alcohol (1-decanol). The alcohol may undergo a series of dehydrogenation steps, forming decanal, followed by oxidation forming decanoic acid. The fatty acid may then be metabolized by β-oxidation to form the mineralization products, carbon dioxide and water (Singer and Finnerty, 1984). Hou (1982) reported 1-decanol and 1,10-decanediol as degradation products by the microorganism Corynebacterium.
Photolytic. A photooxidation reaction rate constant of 1.16 x 10-11 cm3/molecule?sec was reported for the reaction of decane with OH in the atmosphere (Atkinson, 1990).
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water vapor. Decane will not hydrolyze because it has no hydrolyzable functional group.

Purification Methods

It can be purified by shaking with conc H2SO4, washing with water, aqueous NaHCO3, and more water, then drying with MgSO4, refluxing with Na and distilling. Also purify through a column of silica gel or alumina. It has been purified by azeotropic distillation with 2-butoxyethanol, the alcohol being washed out of the distillate, using water, the decane is next dried and redistilled. It can be stored with NaH. Further purification can be achieved by preparative gas chromatography on a column packed with 30% SE-30 (General Electric methyl-silicone rubber) on 42/60 Chromosorb P at 150o and 40psig, using helium [Chu J Chem Phys 41 226 1964]. It is soluble in EtOH and Et2O. [Beilstein 1 IV 484.]

Toxicity evaluation

If released to air, n-decane will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-decane will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals, the half-life for this reaction in air is approximately 11.5 h.
Based on n-decane’s vapor pressure, it may volatilize from dry soil surfaces. In biodegradation studies in soil, hydrocarbons with molecular weights equivalent to or lower than decane disappeared from the soil in both active and sterile treatments by the first sampling time (5 days), indicating that evaporation was a major removal process. Decane is expected to have low to no mobility in soil based on estimated organic carbon partition coefficient (Koc) values in the range of 1700– 43 000. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on a Henry’s law constant of 5.2 atm m3 mol-1, which is calculated from n-decane’s vapor pressure and water solubility. Adsorption to soil, however, would be expected to attenuate due to volatilization.

Decane Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

1-Bromopentane

Preparation Products

Sebacic acid gamma-Cyclodextrin
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Decane Suppliers

Americas 1 Belgium 1 Canada 4 China 171 Europe 2 France 2 Germany 7 India 12 Japan 7 Norway 1 Russia 1 Saudi Arabia 1 Slovakia 1 South Korea 1 Spain 2 Sweden 2 Switzerland 4 Ukraine 1 United Kingdom 11 United States 47 Global 279
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View Lastest Price from Decane manufacturers

Hebei Chuanghai Biotechnology Co,.LTD
Product
N-Decane 124-18-5
Price
US $5.00-2.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
10000kg
Release date
2024-08-23
Shanghai Standard Technology Co., Ltd.
Product
Decane 124-18-5
Price
US $0.00/ml
Min. Order
0.1ml
Purity
GC≥98%
Supply Ability
100 ml
Release date
2020-04-24
Wuhan Monad Medicine Tech Co.,LTD
Product
Decane 124-18-5
Price
US $10.00/Kg/Bag
Min. Order
1Kg/Bag
Purity
99%min
Supply Ability
5000
Release date
2021-04-16

124-18-5, DecaneRelated Search:

Sodium decane-1-sulfonate Heptane Hexanoic acid 1-Nonanol 1-Hexanol 1-Heptanol Decanoic acid Butyric Acid n-Butane Butyraldehyde 1,11-DIBROMOUNDECANE DODECYLTRICHLOROSILANE N-OCTADECYLTRICHLOROSILANE 1-Bromotetradecane 1-Bromododecane 1,10-Dibromodecane 1-Bromodecane Chlorodimethyloctadecylsilane

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