TRANS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE Property

Melting point:

−57 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:

48-60 °C(lit.)

Density 

1.257 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor pressure 

5.32 psi ( 20 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.447(lit.)

Flash point:

43 °F

storage temp. 

Refrigerator

solubility 

Miscible with acetone, ethanol, and ether and very soluble in benzene and chloroform (U.S. EPA, 1985)

form 

Liquid

color 

Clear colorless

explosive limit

12.8%

Water Solubility 

Miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, benzene and chloroform. Immiscible with water.

Merck 

14,92

BRN 

1420761

Henry's Law Constant

10.12 at 30 °C (headspace-GC, Sanz et al., 1997)

Exposure limits

OSHA PEL: TWA 200 ppm (790 mg/m³); ACGIH TLV: TWA 200 ppm (adopted).

Dielectric constant

2.27

Stability:

Incompatible with oxidizing agents, bases. Stable, but may decompose on exposure to air, moisture or light. Highly flammable.

LogP

2.06

CAS DataBase Reference

156-60-5(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene (156-60-5)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

F,Xn,T

Risk Statements 

11-20-52/53-39/23/24/25-23/24/25

Safety Statements 

7-16-29-61-45-36/37

OEB

A

OEL

TWA: 200.0 ppm; 790.0 mg/m3

RIDADR 

UN 1150 3/PG 2

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

KV9400000

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

3

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

29032990

Hazardous Substances Data

156-60-5(Hazardous Substances Data)

Toxicity

LD50 in rats (ml/kg): 1.0 orally; 60 i.p.; in mice (ml/kg): 3.2 i.p. (Freundt)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H225Highly Flammable liquid and vapour

H332Harmful if inhaled

H412Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

TRANS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

colourless liquid

Chemical Properties

1,2-Dichloroethylene exists in three isomers, sym-, cis-60% and trans-40%. There are variations in toxicity between these two forms. At room temperature, these chemicals are colorless liquids with a slightly acrid, ethereal odor. The Odor Threshold in air is 17 ppm. sym-isomer:

Physical properties

Colorless, viscous liquid with a sweet, pleasant odor. Odor threshold concentration is 17 ppm (quoted, Amoore and Hautala, 1983).

Uses

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene is used in the preparation of solvents and in chemical mixtures. It also acts as a synthetic agent and active constituent of perfumes. Further, it is used for electronics cleaning, precision cleaning and metal cleaning activities.

Uses

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene may be used as an analytical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in water samples by gas chromatography (GC) based analytical techniques.

Uses

Solvent for fats, phenol, camphor, etc. Intermediate in synthesis of chlorinated solvents and compounds.

Definition

ChEBI: 1,2-dichloroethene is a member of chloroethenes.

General Description

Clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Flash point 43°F.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Oxidizes in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE reacts with alkalis, difluoromethylene, dihypofluorite, and nitrogen tetraoxide. Contact with solid alkalis or their concentrated solutions will cause formation of chloroacetylene, which ignites in air. Avoid contact with copper and copper alloys. Corrosive to metals unless an inhibitor has been added. Oxidation in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid or a free radical initiator gives chloroacetyl chloride via epoxide intermediates. Incompatible with organic peroxides .

Fire Hazard

TRANS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE is flammable.

Flammability and Explosibility

Flammable

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mddly toxic by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: sleep, hallucinations, and distorted perceptions. Experimental reproductive effects. A skin and eye irritant. Mutation data reported. Exposure to high vapor concentration can cause nausea, vomiting, weakness, tremor, and cramps. Recovery is usually prompt following removal from exposure. Dermatitis may result from defatting action on skin. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidtzers. Moderate explosion hazard in the form of vapor when exposed to flame. Violent reaction with difluoromethylene dihypofluorite. Forms shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with dinitrogen tetraoxide. Reaction with solid caustic alkahes or their concentrated solutions produces chloracetylene gas that ignites spontaneously in air. Reacts violently with N2O4, KOH, Na, NaOH. Moderate explosion hazard in the form of vapor when exposed to flame. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use water spray, foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-. See also CHLORIDES; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, ALIPHATIC; and ACETYLENE COMPOUNDS.

Potential Exposure

Primary irritant (w/o allergic reaction). 1,2-Dichloroethylene is used as a solvent for waxes, resins, and acetylcellulose. It is also used in the extraction of rubber, as a refrigerant; in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and artificial pearls; and in the extraction of oils and fats from fish and meat.

Environmental Fate

Soil. In a methanogenic aquifer material, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene biodegraded to vinyl chloride (Wilson et al., 1986). Under anoxic conditions trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, when subjected to indigenous microbes in uncontaminated sediments, degraded to vinyl chloride (Barrio-Lage et al., 1986). trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene showed slow to moderate degradation concomitant with the rate of volatilization in a static-culture flask-screening test (settled domestic wastewater inoculum) conducted at 25 °C. At concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L, percent losses after 4 wk of incubation were 95 and 93, respectively. The amount lost due to volatilization was 26 to 33% after 10 d (Tabak et al., 1981).
Biological. Heukelekian and Rand (1955) reported a 10-d BOD value of 0.05 g/g which is 7.6% of the ThOD value of 0.66 g/g.
Photolytic. Carbon monoxide, formic and hydrochloric acids were reported to be photooxidation products (Gay et al., 1976).

Shipping

UN1150 Dichloroethylene, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.

Purification Methods

Dry it with MgSO4, and fractionally distil it under CO2. Fractional crystallisation at low temperatures has also been used. [Beilstein 1 IV 709.]

Incompatibilities

May form explosive mixture with air. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, and epoxides. Gradual decomposition results in hydrochloric acid formation in the presence of ultraviolet light or upon contact with hot metal or other hot surfaces. Reacts with strong bases; potassium hydroxide; difluoromethylene, dihypofluoride, nitrogen tetroxide (explosive); or copper (and its alloys) producing toxic chloroacetylene which is spontaneously flammable on contact with air. Attacks some plastics and coatings.

Waste Disposal

Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≧100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.