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Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride

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Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride Basic information

Product Name:
Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride
Synonyms:
  • RUTHENIUM HEXAMMINE TRICHLORIDE
  • hexaammine-,trichloride,(oc-6-11)-ruthenium(3+
  • hexaammine-ruthenium(3+trichloride
  • hexaamminerutheniumtrichloride
  • hexaamminerutheniumtrichloride,hydrate
  • hexaamminetrichlororuthenium
  • ruthenium(3+),hexaammine-,trichloride,hydrate
  • HEXAAMMINERUTHENIUM(III) CHLORIDE
CAS:
14282-91-8
MF:
ClH12N6Ru+2
MW:
232.66
EINECS:
238-176-8
Product Categories:
  • Ru
  • Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry
  • Ru CatalystsMetal and Ceramic Science
  • Ruthenium
  • Ruthenium Salts
  • Salts
  • metal-ammine complexes
  • Intermediate
Mol File:
14282-91-8.mol
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Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride Chemical Properties

storage temp. 
2-8°C
solubility 
soluble in H2O
form 
Crystalline Powder
color 
Yellow
Water Solubility 
Very soluble in water.
InChI
InChI=1S/ClH.6H2N.Ru/h1H;6*1H2;/q;6*-1;+9/p-1
InChIKey
WXRKGULWJOAAIR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SMILES
[Ru+3](N)(N)(N)(N)(N)N.[Cl-]
CAS DataBase Reference
14282-91-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
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Safety Information

Hazard Codes 
Xi
Risk Statements 
36/37/38
Safety Statements 
26-36
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
VM2651530
HS Code 
28439000

MSDS

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Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride, [Ru(NH3)6]Cl3, is a powdery, pale yellow, air stable, water-soluble powder.
Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride and hexaammineruthenium(II) chloride are readily interconverted via electrochemical reduction and oxidation, respectively. As a result, hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride is often used as the analyte in cyclic voltammetry demonstrations. This property also makes [Ru(NH3)6]Cl3 highly useful in various biochemical analyses as an indicator of the occurrence of one-electron reactions.

Uses

Hexaamineruthenium(III) Chloride as an Electron Mediator for Glucose
Detection Glucose monitoring systems use hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride as an electron mediator. In one commercial blood glucose monitoring system, β-D-glucose reacts with GOD and hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride in the test strip, generating β-D-glucono-lactone and hexaammineruthenium (II) chloride. The amount of hexaammineruthenium (II) chloride that is produced is directly proportional to the amount of glucose in the blood sample. Oxidation of the hexaammineruthenium(II) chloride back to hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride then generates an electric current. The meter is used to convert the current into the value of the glucose concentration.
In another system reported in the literature, the thermostable FADGDH glucose-dehydrogenase complex, rather than GDH, was used as the enzyme and deposited’ along with hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride, onto a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) (Ref 2). The sensor was shown to measure the whole-blood glucose level within 1 sec using a 150-nL whole-blood sample with both high precision and reproducibility. Importantly, the sensor reading was stable for more than 60 days, even at 70 °C.
In these systems, the hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride must be of consistent purity and quality to ensure consistent and accurate test results.
Reactions:
β-D-glucose + Hexammineruthenium(III) chloride + GOD → D-Glucono-δ-Lactone + Hexammineruthenium (II) chloride
Hexammineruthenium(II) chloride →Hexammineruthenium(III) chloride + e
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Uses

Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride can be used to synthesize chloropentaammineruthenium(III) chloride.

Production Methods

Hexammineruthenium (II) dichloride 34 g (ruthenium 0.12 mol) was dissolved in 270 mL of water, and 6.65 g (0.12 mol) of ammonium chloride was gradually added to it. Then, oxygen gas was blown into this solution to synthesize hexaammineruthenium (III) trichloride. Oxygen gas with a purity of 99.99% was blown at a flow rate of 0.5 L / min, and the reaction was performed while measuring the redox potential with an ORP meter inserted in the solution. Then, when the redox potential reached ?80 mV (vs. Ag / AgCl), the blowing of oxygen gas was stopped (the liquid temperature was 20-25 ℃). In the separation and extraction step, 36 g of ammonium chloride was dissolved in the filtrate and then cooled to 3 ° C. As a result, pale cream hexaammineruthenium (III) trichloride crystals were crystallized. Finally, the solution was filtered to separate hexaammineruthenium (III) trichloride crystals, washed with 50 mL of acetone, and dried at 60 ℃. for 2 hours to obtain Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride crystals.

Application

Hexaammineruthenium III/II (HexRu(III)|HexRu(II)) couple is a commonly used electrochemical redox couple due to its chemical and electrochemical reversibility.
Hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride can be used to synthesize chloropentaammineruthenium(III) chloride.

General Description

Hexaammineruthenium III/II (HexRu(III)|HexRu(II)) couple is a commonly used electrochemical redox couple due to its chemical and electrochemical reversibility.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it twice from 1M HCl.

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