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Gold(III) chloride

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Gold(III) chloride Basic information

Product Name:
Gold(III) chloride
Synonyms:
  • auricchloride
  • aurictrichloride
  • goldchloride(aucl3)
  • TETRACHLOROAURIC ACID
  • HYDROGEN TETRACHLOROAURATE (III)
  • GOLD TRICHLORIDE ACID BROWN
  • GOLD TRICHLORIDE ACID YELLOW
  • GOLD ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY STANDARD
CAS:
13453-07-1
MF:
AuCl3
MW:
303.33
EINECS:
236-623-1
Product Categories:
  • chemical reaction,pharm,electronic,materials
  • metal halide
  • Gold CatalystsMetal and Ceramic Science
  • Gold Salts
  • GoldCatalysis and Inorganic Chemistry
  • GoldMetal and Ceramic Science
  • Inorganics
  • Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Crystal Grade Inorganics
  • Gold Catalysis
  • Salts
  • Au
Mol File:
13453-07-1.mol
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Gold(III) chloride Chemical Properties

Melting point:
254°C
Boiling point:
265 °C
Density 
3.9 g/mL at 25 °C
storage temp. 
Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature
solubility 
DMSO (Sparingly), Methanol (Very Slightly)
form 
Crystalline Powder, Crystals or Chunks
color 
yellow
Water Solubility 
soluble
Sensitive 
Hygroscopic
Merck 
14,4521
Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)
pKsp: 24.5
CAS DataBase Reference
13453-07-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System
Gold chloride (AuCl3) (13453-07-1)
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Safety Information

Hazard Codes 
C,Xi
Risk Statements 
36/37/38
Safety Statements 
26-36/37/39-45-37/39-36
RIDADR 
UN 3260 8/PG 3
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
MD5420000
3-8-10
TSCA 
Yes
HazardClass 
8
PackingGroup 
III
HS Code 
28433000

MSDS

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Gold(III) chloride Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

orange-red to dark red crystals

Physical properties

Red monoclinic crystals; deliquesces; density 4.7 g/cm3; sublimes at 180°C (760 torr); highly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol and ether; slightly soluble in liquid ammonia.

Uses

Gold(III) chloride is used in colloidal gold solutions, in photography and as a print toning agent(gold toning), starting solution to form other gold compounds and a precursor for preparation of ultra pure gold metal. It is used in electroplating and electroless plating as an anode in an electric cell. Gold(III) chloride acts as a gold catalyst and cell body stains for bright field and dark field microscopy.

Uses

Photography, gold plating, special inks, medicine, ceramics (enamels, gilding, and painting porcelain), glass (gilding, ruby glass), manufacture of finely divided gold and purple of Cassius.

Uses

It is important to note that the Cl2 used here must be hot chlorine gas.

Definition

A compound prepared by dissolving gold in aqua regia. The bright yellow crystals (chloroauric acid) produced on evaporation are heated to form dark red crystals of gold(III) chloride. The chloride decomposes easily (at 175°C) to give gold(I) chloride and chlorine; at higher temperatures it decomposes to give gold and chlorine. Gold(III) chloride is used in photography. It exists as a dimer, Au2Cl6.

Preparation

Gold(III) chloride may be produced by the combination of metallic gold with chlorine gas at elevated temperatures:
2Au + 3Cl2 → 2AuCl3
It may be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of iodine monochloride with metallic gold:
2Au + 6ICl → 2AuCl3 + 3I2
The compound should be stored tightly closed and protected from light.

Reactions

When heated at 254ºC, gold(III) chloride decomposes to gold(I) chloride and chlorine.
Passing hydrogen sulfide into an ether solution of the compound yields gold(III) sulfide, Au2S3.
A similar reaction occurs when alcoholic solutions of gold(III) chloride and hydrogen selenide are mixed, producing gold(III) selenide, Au2Se3, a black amorphous solid.
Gold(III) chloride may be reduced readily to metallic gold by common reducing agents. Thus, reduction with stannous chloride in dilute aqueous medium yields colloidal gold in which the atom carries a negative charge. “Cassius purple” is produced from the oxidation of tin to form H2Sn(OH)6, which protects colloidal gold from coagulation, imparting ruby red color to the solution.
Gold(III) chloride reacts with ammonia forming a gold(III)-nitrogen derivative, an explosive product, known as, “fulminate of gold”. Reaction with Grignard reagent, RMgX in ether yields dialkyl gold(III) chloride, R2AuCl3, which may be converted readily to other dialkyl gold(III) complexes by replacement of the chloride anion by a donor ligand.

General Description

The structure of gold chloride is monoclinic in nature. It sublimes at elevated temperatures.

Safety Profile

Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Reaction with ammonia or ammonium salts yields fulminating gold, a heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive similar to mercury and silver fulminates. See also GOLD COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.

Gold(III) chloride Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

Gold(III) chlorideSupplier

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