Adaptaquin Chemical Properties

Boiling point:

650.9±55.0 °C(Predicted)

Density 

1.437±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

storage temp. 

-20C

solubility 

≤30mg/ml in DMSO;30mg/ml in dimethyl formamide

form 

Tan solid

pka

4.07±0.50(Predicted)

Adaptaquin Usage And Synthesis

Uses

General Uses:Ischemic injury Research, Renal anemia, HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor, Antioxidant, NeuroprotectiveDescription:Adaptaquin inhibits the HIF PHDs in brain in a dose dependent fashion and penetrates blood brain barrier (BBB). Exhibited functional recovery in intra-cerebral hemorrhage rat model; inhibits ATF4 gene. Potent HIF PHD inhibitor (hypoxia inducible factor), Selective PDH2 inhibitor.This compound is suitable for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) related research.

Biological Activity

adaptaquin is a selective hydroxyquinoline hif prolyl hydroxylase (hif-phd) inhibitor [1][2].the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase domain enzymes (hif-phds) are a family of oxygen sensors that has been implicated in neuronal survival. catalysis by the hif-phds destabilizes the transcriptional activator hif-1a under normoxia. hif-phds are promising target candidates for mitochondrial protection in paradigms of oxidative stress. the inhibition of hif-phds prevented neuronal cell death induced by mitochondrial toxins [1][2].adaptaquin is a hydroxyquinoline hif-phd inhibitor. adaptaquin inhibited purified and recombinant phd2. adaptaquin (30 mg/kg) penetrated the blood-brain barrier, resulting in inhibition of the oxygen-sensing hif-phds and activation of hif-dependent gene expression [1]. in ht-22 cells, adaptaquin protected against glutamate-induced cell death. adaptaquin could also restore the mitochondrial atp production [2].in intracerebral hemorrhage (ich) mice model, adaptaquin decreased edema and significantly improved tape removal task, which were associated with a reduction in the number of degenerating neurons in perihematomal and hematomal areas of the mouse striatum [1].

Enzyme inhibitor

This brain-penetrant PHD2 inhibitor and antioxidant (FW = 377.82 g/mol; CAS 385786-48-1; Soluble to 100 mM in DMSO), also named 7-[(4chlorophenyl)[(3-hydroxy-2-pyridinyl)amino]methyl]-8-quinolinol, targets Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (or HIF) prolyl hydroxylase-2, a critical regulator of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance during steadystate and stress. Indeed, this branched oxyquinoline molecule was named adaptaquin (AQ) to signify its ability to inhibit the HIF-PHDs and activate adaptive responses to hypoxia. Hypoxia is a prominent feature in the maintenance of HSC quiescence and multipotency. Adaptaquin also exhibits neuroprotective effects, enhancing functional recovery in rodent intracerebral hemorrhage models, via inhibition of ATF4 dependent genes.

storage

Store at -20°C

References

[1]. karuppagounder ss, alim i, khim sj, et al. therapeutic targeting of oxygen-sensing prolyl hydroxylases abrogates atf4-dependent neuronal death and improves outcomes after brain hemorrhage in several rodent models. sci transl med. 2016 mar 2;8(328):328ra29.
[2]. neitemeier s, dolga am, honrath b, et al. inhibition of hif-prolyl-4-hydroxylases prevents mitochondrial impairment and cell death in a model of neuronal oxytosis. cell death dis. 2016 may 5;7:e2214.