PROPIONYL-L-CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE
PROPIONYL-L-CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE Basic information
- Product Name:
- PROPIONYL-L-CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE
- Synonyms:
-
- (R)-Propionyl Carnitine
- PROPIONYL-L-CARNITINE CHLORIDE
- PROPIONYL L-CARNITINE HCL
- PROPIONYL-LEVO-CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE
- 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-(1-oxopropoxy)-, inner salt, (R)-
- L-CARNITINE:HCL, O-PROPIONYL
- (2R)-3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-2-(1-oxopropoxy)-1-propanaminium Inner Salt
- L-Carnitine Propionyl Ester
- CAS:
- 20064-19-1
- MF:
- C10H19NO4
- MW:
- 217.27
- Product Categories:
-
- Amino Acids & Derivatives
- Intermediates & Fine Chemicals
- Pharmaceuticals
- Mixed Fatty Acids
- Mol File:
- 20064-19-1.mol
PROPIONYL-L-CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE Chemical Properties
- storage temp.
- 2-8°C
- solubility
- Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Very Slightly), Water (Slightly)
- form
- Semi-Solid to Solid
- color
- Colourless to Off-White
- optical activity
- [α]/D -23±3°, c = 1 in H2O
- Stability:
- Hygroscopic
- CAS Number Unlabeled
- 20064-19-1
PROPIONYL-L-CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE Usage And Synthesis
Uses
L-Propionyl carnitine has been shown to improve the heart mechanical recovery and other metabolic parameters after ischemia-reperfusion
Uses
Propionyl-L-carnitine was identified in the drinking water in rats.
Uses
Propionyl-L-carnitine has been used as a standard in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Definition
ChEBI: O-propanoyl-L-carnitine is an optically active O-acylcarnitine compound having propanoyl as the acyl substituent and (R)-configuration at the 3-position. It has a role as a peripheral nervous system drug. It is an O-propanoylcarnitine and a saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine.
General Description
Propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC), a natural odd-carbon-number, endogenous ester of L-carnitine, is found to be present in humans and animals as a minor component compared to L-carnitine (LC) and acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC). It acts as a carrier of long chain acyl groups from activated fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix where they undergo β-oxidation to acetyl CoA to obtain usable energy via the citric acid cycle.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) plays a key role in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. It provides substrates to the ischemic muscle for energy production and ATP generation. PLC has the potential to treat severe peripheral arterial disease and chronic heart failure. It is present in high abundance in the urine of patients with methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) deficiency, together with methylmalonic acid. MUT is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA.
in vivo
Propionyl-L-carnitine (120 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; starting immediately after aortic injury and lasting for 15 days) reduces the relative aortic intimal volume, increases apoptosis, up-regulates Bax without changing the Bcl-2 level, and reduces NF-κB, VCAM-1, MCP-1, and survivin in rats[3].
Propionyl-L-carnitine (30-120 mg/kg/day, p.o., drinking water) enhances wound healing and counteracts microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction in rats[4].
Propionyl-L-carnitine (3.6 mg/mL, infused into the renal artery at the rate of 0.4 mL/min) prevents renal function deterioration due to ischemia/reperfusion in male Sprague-Dawley rats[5].
Propionyl-L-carnitine (200 mg/kg/day, p.o., 4 weeks) corrects metabolic and cardiovascular alterations in diet-induced obese mice and improves liver respiratory chain activity[6].
Propionyl-L-carnitine (25? mg/kg, intrarectal, twice daily, for 1 week; 120 mg/kg, p.o., once daily, for 1 week) reduces intestinal damage and microvascular dysfunction in rat TNBS-induced acute and reactivated colitis[7].
Propionyl-L-carnitine (200 mg/kg, p.o., drinking water) increases NO synthesis by enhancing eNOS expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats[8].
Propionyl-L-carnitine (500 mg/kg, i.p., 10 successive days) prevents the progression of Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced cardiomyopathy in a carnitine-depleted rat model[9].
Propionyl-L-carnitine (200 mg/kg per d, p.o., 20 weeks) reduces body weight and hyperinsulinaemia in obese Zucker rats[10].
| Animal Model: | Male Wistar rats (200-225 g, 13-14 weeks old), skin flap model and full-thickness skin wound model[4] |
| Dosage: | For the skin flap model, 100 mg/kg (dissolved in drinking water); for the full-thickness skin wound model, 30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg (dissolved in water). |
| Administration: | Oral gavage (p.o.), drinking water |
| Result: | Showed a faster blood flow recovery of the flap, an improved viability, reduced ROS production, increased NO level and iNOS expression (In the skin flap model). Reduced the necrotic skin area after 8 days (in the skin flap model). Had faster re-epithelialization, increased CD31+ capillaries, iNOS, VEGF and PlGF expression, and reduced Nox4+ microvessels (in the full-thickness skin wound model). |
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