THORIUM NITRATE HYDRATE Property

Melting point:

decomposes at 500℃ [CRC10]

solubility 

very soluble in H2O, ethanol

color 

hygroscopic white plates

Water Solubility 

g/100g H2O: 186 (0°C), 187 (10°C), 191 (20°C) [LAN05]; additional solubility data are in [SIE94]

Merck 

13,9454

Stability:

Stable. Deliquescent. Weakly radioactive (radioactivity 3300 Bq/g). Incompatible with reducing agents.

CAS DataBase Reference

13823-29-5(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Thorium nitrate (13823-29-5)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

O,Xn,R,N

Risk Statements 

8-22-33-36/37/38-51/53

Safety Statements 

36/37/39-45-61

RIDADR 

2915

RTECS 

XO6825000

HazardClass 

7

Hazardous Substances Data

13823-29-5(Hazardous Substances Data)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H272May intensify fire; oxidizer

H302Harmful if swallowed

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H335May cause respiratory irritation

H373May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P220Keep/Store away from clothing/…/combustible materials.

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

THORIUM NITRATE HYDRATE Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

white solid

Uses

Reagent for determination of fluorine, thoriated tungsten filaments.

Preparation

The phosphates are dissolved in cone, hydrochloric acid and precipitated with oxalic acid, and the thoroughly washed precipitate is extracted with warm aqueous Na2CO3. Most of the rare earths stay in the residue, while the thorium dissolves in the form of a carbonate complex, Na6Th(CO3)5. The material is freed of the remaining traces of rare earths by repeated crystallization in the form of the sulfate Th(SO4)2?8H2O. The procedure consists of precipitation of the hydroxide with ammonia and solution of the latter in sulfuric acid to re-form the sulfate. The precipitate from the last purification stage is dissolved in nitric acid to yield the nitrate.

General Description

A white crystalline mass. Mildly toxic. Not combustible but accelerates burning of combustible materials. May explode in a fire if in large quantities or if the combustible material is finely divided. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. Mildly radioactive. Radioactive materials emit certain rays detectable only by instruments. Minimal radiation hazard in transport. No protective shielding for packages is required.

Air & Water Reactions

Somewhat soluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Thorium nitrate is soluble in water and very soluble in alcohol (ethanol) and acids and is not combustible but accelerates burning of combustible materials. Thorium nitrate is highly reactive and incompatible with combustible materials, organic materials, and finely powdered metals. It may explode in a fire if in large quantities or if the combustible material is finely divided. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. Thorium nitrate, on contact with oxidising agent, oxidisable materials, and combustible and/or organic materials, causes fire and chemical hazards and violent explosion.
Mixtures of metal/nonmetal nitrates with alkyl esters may explode, owing to the formation of alkyl nitrates; mixtures a nitrate with phosphorus, tin (II) chloride. or other reducing agents may react explosively [Bretherick 1979 p. 108-109]. With water forms a weak solution of nitric acid, the reaction is not hazardous.

Hazard

Dangerous fire and explosion risk in contact with organic materials, strong oxidizing agent. Radioactive.

Health Hazard

Compound has low chemical toxicity, but alpha emission is expected to constitute a hazard if a fairly large amount is inhaled or ingested. Dust may irritate eyes and cause diffuse dermatitis. Beta and gamma emission is small.

Safety Profile

Poison by intraperitoneal, intravenous, and intratracheal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. Radioactive. An oxidizing material; when in contact with readily combustible substances will cause violent combustion or ignition. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also THORIUM and NITRATES.