THALLIUM(I) CHLORIDE Property

Melting point:

430 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:

720 °C

Density 

7 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor pressure 

10 mm Hg ( 517 °C)

refractive index 

2.247

storage temp. 

Poison room

solubility 

ethanol: insoluble(lit.)

form 

beads

color 

White to off-white

Specific Gravity

7.004

Water Solubility 

Slightly soluble in water. Insoluble in alcohol, and acetone.

Crystal Structure

CsCl type

Sensitive 

Air Sensitive

Merck 

14,9260

crystal system

Cube

Space group

Pm3m

Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)

pKsp: 3.73

Lattice constant

a/nm	b/nm	c/nm	α/o	β/o	γ/o	V/nm3
0.3842	0.3842	0.3842	90	90	90	0.0567

Exposure limits

ACGIH: TWA 0.02 mg/m3 (Skin)
NIOSH: IDLH 15 mg/m3; TWA 0.1 mg/m3

Dielectric constant

32.700000000000003

Dielectric constant

32.700000000000003

Dielectric constant

2.2（20℃）

CAS DataBase Reference

7791-12-0(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Thallium(I) chloride (7791-12-0)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

T+,N

Risk Statements 

26/28-33-51/53

Safety Statements 

13-28-45-61

RIDADR 

UN 1707 6.1/PG 2

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

XG4200000

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

6.1

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

28273985

Hazardous Substances Data

7791-12-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H373May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

H411Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P314Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.

THALLIUM(I) CHLORIDE Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties

White, crystalline powder; becomes violet on exposure to light. Slightly soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol, ammonium hydroxide.

Uses

Catalyst (chlorination), suntan lamp monitors.

Uses

It is used as a catalyst in chlorination's and in suntan lamps. The low solubility of TlCl is exploited in chemical synthesis: treatment of metal chloride complexes with TlPF6, gives the corresponding metal hexafluorophosphate derivative. It is used as a tracer in medical imaging.

Uses

Used to prepare cage, dinuclear complexes (TI-cyclodiphosphazanes) which possess interesting metal-metal interactions.

Definition

ChEBI: Thallium monochloride is a thallium molecular entity and an inorganic chloride.

Preparation

Thallium chloride may be prepared by heating the metal with chlorine.

General Description

White, crystalline powder, becomes violet on exposure to light. Used as a catalyst in chlorinations and in suntan lamps.

Reactivity Profile

Fluorine and THALLIUM(I) CHLORIDE react violently, melting the product [Mellor Supp. 1:63 1956]. When heated to decomposition, THALLIUM(I) CHLORIDE emits very toxic fumes of chloride and thallium. Thallium(I) chloride is vigorously attacked by cold fluorine. A mixture of potassium and THALLIUM(I) CHLORIDE produces a weak explosion on impact [EPA, 1998].

Hazard

Thallium chloride is highly toxic. Acute toxic effects are those of thallium poisoning.

Health Hazard

(Non-Specific -- Thallium Salts) Poisonous if swallowed. Inhalation of dust is poisonous.

Fire Hazard

(Non-Specific -- Thallium Salts) Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. When heated to decomposition, THALLIUM(I) CHLORIDE emits very toxic fumes of chloride and thallium. Thallium(I) chloride is vigorously attacked by cold fluorine. A mixture of potassium and THALLIUM(I) CHLORIDE produces a weak explosion on impact.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. An experimental teratogen. Mutation data reported. Incompatible with F2. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cland T1. See also THALLIUM COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from 1% HCl and wash it until acid-free, or crystallise it from hot water (50mL/g), then dry it at 140o and store it in brown bottles. Also purify it by subliming it in a vacuum, followed by treatment with dry HCl gas and filtering while molten. (It is soluble in 260 parts of cold water and 70 parts of boiling water). POISONOUS.