Indene Property

Melting point:

-5--3 °C (lit.)

Boiling point:

181-182 °C (lit.)

Density 

0.996 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

vapor pressure 

1.7 hPa (20 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.595(lit.)

Flash point:

138 °F

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

organic solvents: miscible

pka

20(at 25℃)

form 

Crystalline Powder

color 

White to pale yellow

Odor Threshold

0.0038ppm

Water Solubility 

INSOLUBLE

Sensitive 

Light Sensitive

Merck 

14,4939

BRN 

635873

Exposure limits

ACGIH: TWA 5 ppm
NIOSH: TWA 10 ppm(45 mg/m3)

Stability:

Stable, but air and light sensitive; may polymerize upon exposure to light. Typically contains aroung 80 - 100 ppm of p-tert-butylcatechol as inhibitor. Refrigerate. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

InChIKey

YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

LogP

3.02 at 25℃ and pH6.4

CAS DataBase Reference

95-13-6(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Indene(95-13-6)

EPA Substance Registry System

Indene (95-13-6)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xn

Risk Statements 

10-65-36/37/38-20

Safety Statements 

23-24/25-62-37/39-26

RIDADR 

UN 3295 3/PG 3

OEB

A

OEL

TWA: 10 ppm (45 mg/m3)

WGK Germany 

1

RTECS 

NK8225000

F 

8

TSCA 

Yes

HS Code 

2902 90 00

HazardClass 

3

PackingGroup 

III

Hazardous Substances Data

95-13-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H226Flammable liquid and vapour

H304May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P233Keep container tightly closed.

P240Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.

P241Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/…/equipment.

P301+P310IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.

P331Do NOT induce vomiting.

Indene Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

Indene (also called 1H-Indene, C9H8) is a flammable polycyclic hydrocarbon. It is a colorless and aromatic smelling liquid. It is used in the synthesis of new C60 derivative (indene-C60 Bisadduct) and to prepare polyindene by the controlled cationic polymerization initiated with cumyl methyl ether/TiCl4 in CH2Cl2.  Polyindene is further used to synthesize polyolefins. Indene is also used in the synthesis of istatins, in the production of indene/cumarone thermoplastic resins, and in the production of hydrocarbon resins. These industrial resins, also called indene-coumarone resins, are mainly consumed by the paints & coatings, rubber, and construction industries.
It should be stored in a cool place. The container should be kept tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which areopened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Indene is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Recommended storage temperature is 2 - 8°C. Indene is sensitive to light.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indene
[2] https://www.alfa.com/de/catalog/L12665/
[3] Stephen F. Hahn, Marc A. Hillmyer (2003) High glass transition temperature polyolefins obtained by the catalytic hydrogenation of polyindene, 36, 71-76.

Chemical Properties

Yellow green clear liquid

Uses

Preparation of coumarone-indene resins, intermediate.

Uses

Preparation of coumarone-indene resins

Uses

1H-Indene is a building block that has been used in the synthesis of isatins. It was used in the synthesis of new C60 derivative, indene-C60 bisadduct. It was used in preparing polyindene by the controlled cationic polymerization initiated with cumyl methyl ether/TiCl4 in CH2Cl2.

Definition

indene: A colourless flammable hydrocarbon,C₉H₈; r.d. 0.996; m.p.–1.8°C; b.p. 182.6°C. Indene is anaromatic hydrocarbon with a five-memberedring fused to a benzenering. It is present in coal tar and isused as a solvent and raw materialfor making other organic compounds.

Synthesis Reference(s)

Tetrahedron Letters, 18, p. 49, 1977 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)92547-X

General Description

A colorless liquid derived from coal tar. Fp: -2°C; bp:182°C. Density 0.997 g cm-3. Insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.

Reactivity Profile

Indene is combustible (flash point between 140°F and 200°F). Polymerizes and oxidizes on standing in the air. This reaction is accelerated by heating, acids, and catalysts, including peroxides. Has exploded during nitration with a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3.

Hazard

Toxic by inhalation.

Health Hazard

Indene is expected to be an irritant of the mucous membranes.

Purification Methods

Shake indene with 6M HCl for 24hours (to remove basic nitrogenous material), then reflux it with 40% NaOH for 2hours (to remove benzonitrile). Fractionally distil, then fractionally crystallise it by partial freezing. The higher-melting portion is converted to its sodium salt by adding a quarter of its weight of sodamide under nitrogen and stirring for 3hours at 120o. Unreacted organic material is distilled off at 120o/1mm. The sodium salts are hydrolysed with water, and the organic fraction is separated by steam disillation, followed by fractional distillation. Before use, the distillate is passed, under nitrogen, through a column of activated silica gel. It turns yellow in air as it readily oxidizes and polymerises. [Russell J Am Chem Soc 78 1041 1956, Beilstein 5 IV 1532.]