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Hydrazoic acid

Product Name
Hydrazoic acid
CAS No.
7782-79-8
Chemical Name
Hydrazoic acid
Synonyms
hydrogen azide;1H-Triazirine;Azoimide;Azide acid;Triazoic acid;Hydrazoic acid;Hydronitric acid;Hydrazoic acid (as vapour);Hydrazoic acid ISO 9001:2015 REACH
CBNumber
CB4851794
Molecular Formula
HN3
Formula Weight
43.02804
MOL File
7782-79-8.mol
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Hydrazoic acid Property

Melting point:
-80°
Boiling point:
bp 37°
Density 
1.092
solubility 
soluble in H2O
pka
4.72(at 25℃)
form 
colorless liquid
color 
colorless liquid; explodes, explosive
Water Solubility 
very soluble H2O [HAW93]
Exposure limits
Ceiling 0.1 ppm vapor (ACGIH).
Stability:
Unstable. Violently explosive in the concentrated or pure states. Readily forms explosive compounds with heavy metals. This is a dangerous and hard to handle substance which must not be prepared or handled by non-experts.
EPA Substance Registry System
Hydrazoic acid (7782-79-8)
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Safety

RIDADR 
0473
HazardClass 
1.1A
Hazardous Substances Data
7782-79-8(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 21.5 i.p. (Graham)
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

American Custom Chemicals Corporation
Product number
CHM0989989
Product name
HYDRAZOIC ACID
Purity
95.00%
Packaging
5MG
Price
$496.33
Updated
2021/12/16
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Hydrazoic acid Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

Hydrazoic acid or hydrogen azide is a dangerous explosion risk when shocked or heated. It is the gas-forming agent in many air bag systems in automobiles and escape chutes in airplanes.

Chemical Properties

Colorless, volatile liquid; obnoxious odor.Soluble in water.

Physical properties

Colorless, volatile liquid; pungent disagreeable odor; density 1.09 g/mL;solidifies at -80°C; boils at 37°C; highly soluble in water; soluble in alkalies,alcohol and ether; pKa4.6 at 25°C.

Uses

Hydrazoic acid is used in making heavymetal azides for detonators. It forms readilywhen sodium azide reacts with acid orhydrazine is mixed with nitrous acid.

Uses

Industrially in preparation of heavy metal azides for shell detonators.

Definition

A colorless liquid with a nauseating smell. It is highly poisonous and explodes in the presence of oxygen and oxidizing agents. It can be made by distilling a mixture of sodium azide (NaN3) and a dilute acid. It is usually used as an aqueous solution. The salts of hydrazoic acid (azides), especially lead azide (Pb(N3)2), are used in detonators because of their ability to explode when given a mechanical shock.

Production Methods

Hydrazoic acid is formed (1) by reaction of sodium nitrate with molten sodamide, (2) by reaction of nitrous oxide with molten sodamide, (3) by reaction of nitrous acid and hydrazinium ion (N2H5 + ), (4) by oxidation of hydrazinium salts, (5) by reaction of ethyl nitrite with NaOH solution and acidifying.

Preparation

Hydrazoic acid is prepared by reacting sulfuric acid with sodium azide:
H2SO4 + NaN3 → HN3 + Na2SO4
or by treating hydrazine with nitrous acid:
N2H4 + HNO2 → HN3 + 2H2O
or by heating sodium amide with nitrous oxide:
NaNH2 + N2O → HN3 + NaOH

Reactions

Hydrazoic acid reacts (1) with metals, e.g., magnesium, aluminum, zinc, iron, to form azides or hydrazoates (or trinitrides), (2) with heavy metal salt solutions to form insoluble azides, e.g., silver azide AgN3, mercury(I) azide HgN3, lead azide PbN6. Silver, mercury(I), and copper(I) azides decompose in the light to form nitrogen plus the metal. (3) It reacts with NH4OH to form ammonium azide NH4·N3, (4) with hydrazine to form hydrazine azide N2H4·HN3, (5) with sodium hypochlorite plus acetic acid to form chlorazide ClN3, explosive, (6) with sodium amalgam to form NH3 with some hydrazine, (7) with potassium permanganate to form nitrogen and H2O.

Hazard

Dangerous explosion risk when shocked or heated. Strong irritant to eyes and mucous membranes.

Health Hazard

The acute toxicity of hydrazoic acidthrough inhalation and other routes of exposurehas been found to be high to very high.The symptoms and the intensity of poisoningare similar to sodium azide. It is, however,less toxic than hydrogen cyanide. Inhumans, inhalation of its vapors can produceirritation of eyes and respiratory tract, bronchitis,headache, dizziness, weakness, anddecreased blood pressure (Matheson 1983).Prolonged exposure to high concentrationscan result in collapse, convulsion, and death.An exposure to 1100 ppm for 1 hour waslethal to rats. Chronic exposure to a lowlevel of this compound in air may producehypotension.
Animals given intraperitoneal dosages ofhydrazoic acid showed the symptoms ofheavy breathing, convulsions, depression,and fall in blood pressure. It affected thecentral nervous system, but no damage wasobserved in the liver or kidney.
LD50 value, intraperitoneal (mice): 22 mg/kg.

Fire Hazard

In pure form or highly concentrated solution, hydrazoic acid is a dangerous explosive compound. It is unstable and sensitive to heat and shock. The explosion hazard decreases significantly with more dilute solutions.
It forms shock-sensitive metal azides when react with metal salts, and fluorine azide with fluorine (Lawless and Smith 1968) and susceptible to form chlorine azide and bromine azide with chlorine gas and bromine vapor. All these products can explode violently on impact. With carbon disulfide it forms a violently explosive salt (Mellor 1946; NFPA 1997).

Potential Exposure

May be used in organic synthesis. Usedin making heavy metal azide detonators for explosives.

First aid

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irri gate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seekmedical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothingand wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, includ-ing resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medi-cal attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.

storage

Unstable and unpredictable explosive material.Prior to working with this chemical you should be trainedon its proper handling and storage. Store in tightly closedcontainers in a cool, well-venti lated area away from incom-patible materials listed above. Protect from heat and shock.

Incompatibilities

Explosive when dry; a highly sensitiveexplosive hazard when subject to shock or exposed to heat.Forms unstable compounds (heavy metal azides) with heavymetals. Forms explosive salts with carbon disulfide. Violentreaction with cadmium, copper, nickel, nitric acid, fluorine,heat, and shock.

Waste Disposal

Hydrazoic acid may be destroyed by convertingit to sodium azide. The latter isdecomposed with nitrous acid in a hood(National Research Council 1995). The followingmethod is used. It is diluted in waterto a strength below 5%; or its solution inorganic solvents that is immiscible in wateris shaken vigorously with water in a separatoryfunnel. The aqueous solution containinghydrazoic acid is neutralized with sodiumhydroxide and separated from any organiclayer. Sodium azide, so formed, is destroyedby reacting the aqueous solution with anexcess of sodium nitrite followed by 20%sulfuric acid until the solution is acidic. Thereaction is carried out in a three-necked flaskequipped with a stirrer, a dropping funnel,and a gas outlet line to vent out nitric oxide.The reaction mixture is flushed down thedrain.

Hydrazoic acid Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

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Hydrazoic acid Suppliers

Shaanxi Dideu Medichem Co. Ltd
Tel
+86-029-89586680 +86-18192503167
Fax
+86-29-88380327
Email
1026@dideu.com
Country
China
ProdList
9802
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58
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.
Tel
18871490254
Fax
027-59599243
Email
linda@hubeijusheng.com
Country
CHINA
ProdList
28180
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58
Shaanxi DIDU pharmaceutical and Chemical Co., Ltd
Tel
029-81148696 18161915376
Email
1040@dideu.com
Country
China
ProdList
10009
Advantage
58
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.
Tel
+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512
Fax
0371-55170693
Email
info@tianfuchem.com
Country
China
ProdList
21700
Advantage
55