MANGANESE (II) OXIDE Property

Melting point:

1650°C

Density 

5.45 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

refractive index 

2.16

solubility 

insoluble in H2O; soluble in acid solutions

form 

Powder/Chunks

Specific Gravity

5.43～5.46

color 

Green

Water Solubility 

Soluble in hydrochloric acid. Insoluble in water.

Crystal Structure

NaCl type

crystal system

Cube

Space group

Fm3m

Lattice constant

a/nm	b/nm	c/nm	α/o	β/o	γ/o	V/nm3
0.4436	0.4436	0.4436	90	90	90	0.0873

Exposure limits

ACGIH: TWA 0.02 mg/m3; TWA 0.1 mg/m3
OSHA: Ceiling 5 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 500 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3; STEL 3 mg/m3

CAS DataBase Reference

1344-43-0(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Manganese oxide (MnO) (1344-43-0)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xn

Risk Statements 

21-36/37/38

Safety Statements 

26-36

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

OP0900000

TSCA 

Yes

Hazardous Substances Data

1344-43-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H312Harmful in contact with skin

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H335May cause respiratory irritation

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P405Store locked up.

MANGANESE (II) OXIDE Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Physical Properties

Green cubic crystal; refractive index 2.16; density 5.37 g/cm3 at 23°C; Moh’s hardness 5.5; melts at 1945°C; insoluble in water.

Occurrence and Uses

Manganese(II) oxide is used in the fertilizer industry as a source of manganese in fertilizers; in feedstuff formulations; and as an intermediate in the production of several manganese compounds.

Production

Manganese(II) oxide is obtained commercially from manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide) by the reduction with hydrogen, carbon monoxide or methane at elevated temperatures (>800°C):
MnO2 + CO → MnO + CO2
MnO2 + H2 → MnO + H2O
The oxide also can be made by thermal decomposition of manganese(II) carbonate or manganese(II) oxalate in the absence of air:
MnCO3 → MnO + CO2
Also, careful dehydration of manganese(II) hydroxide, Mn(OH)2, under controlled conditions in the absence of air yields MnO.

Reactions

Manganese(II) oxide is the lowest oxide of manganese and it is purely a basic oxide. It reacts with acids to form their manganese(II) salts:
MnO + H2SO4 → MnSO4 + H2O
MnO + 2HCl → MnCl2 + H2O
The compound also is oxidized by air or oxygen to higher oxides of manganese. When heated cautiously in air, the product is manganese sesquioxide or manganese(III) oxide:
4MnO + O2 → 2Mn2O3

Chemical Properties

grass green powder(s); cub; enthalpy of fusion 54.40kJ/mol; produced from MnO2 ores by roasting in a reducing atmospheric, e.g., methane; used in textile printing, in ceramics, in paints [HAW93] [CRC10]

Uses

Manganous monoxide (MnO) is used for textile printing, ceramics, paints, colored (green) glass, bleaching, and fertilizers. It is also used as dietary supplement and reagent in analytical chemistry.

Uses

The main use of manganese dioxide is in dry-cell batteries, such as the alkaline battery and the zinc-carbon battery. It is useful as a pigment, and as a precursor to other manganese compounds. It is used as a reagent in organic synthesis, for instance, for the oxidation of allylic alcohols and arylmethyl alcohols. It is also employed in various industrial purposes such as adhesives and sealant chemicals, lubricants and lubricant additives, fertilizers, oxidizing/reducing agents, plating agents and surface treating agents, processing aids, air care products, paints and coatings.

Flammability and Explosibility

Not classified

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by intratracheal and subcutaneous routes. Violent reaction with hydrogen peroxide, Ca(OCl)2, F2, H202. See also MANGANESE COMPOUNDS.