Discovery Structure Gene and mRNA Synthesis and release Agonists and antagonists Biological functions Clinical implications
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PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN

Discovery Structure Gene and mRNA Synthesis and release Agonists and antagonists Biological functions Clinical implications
Product Name
PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN
CAS No.
75976-10-2
Chemical Name
PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN
Synonyms
PP, HUMAN;PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE;Human pancreatic polypeptide;PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN;M.W. 4181.71 C185H287N53O54S2;Pancreatic polypeptide(human) (9CI);PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN USP/EP/BP;APLEPVYPGDNATPEQMAQYAADLRRYINMLTRPRY-NH2;Pancreatic Polypeptide human, ≥95% (HPLC);Pancreatic Polypeptide huManPancreatic Polypeptide
CBNumber
CB6764364
Molecular Formula
C185H287N53O54S2
Formula Weight
4181.71098
MOL File
75976-10-2.mol
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PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN Property

storage temp. 
-15°C
solubility 
Water: 1 mg/ml
form 
Powder
color 
White to off-white
Water Solubility 
Soluble to 0.70 mg/ml in water
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Cayman Chemical
Product number
24555
Product name
Pancreatic Polypeptide (human)
Purity
≥95%
Packaging
500μg
Price
$305
Updated
2024/03/01
ChemScene
Product number
CS-0021293
Product name
PancreaticPolypeptide,human
Packaging
1mg
Price
$380
Updated
2021/12/16
ApexBio Technology
Product number
B5060
Product name
PancreaticPolypeptide(human)
Packaging
1mg
Price
$646
Updated
2021/12/16
ChemScene
Product number
CS-0021293
Product name
PancreaticPolypeptide,human
Packaging
5mg
Price
$1500
Updated
2021/12/16
ApexBio Technology
Product number
B5060
Product name
PancreaticPolypeptide(human)
Packaging
5mg
Price
$2520
Updated
2021/12/16
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PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Discovery

The pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a peptide hormone secreted from the pancreas to inhibit pancreatic exocrine secretion, gall bladder contraction, gastric emptying, and gut motility, and to modulate anxiolytic and depressive behaviors. PP was isolated in 1975 as a byproduct of insulin purification from the pancreas.

Structure

Mature PP is a linear peptide consisting of 36 aa residues in mammals, including humans. PP is a member of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) family, and about 50% homology with NPY and 70% homology with peptide YY (PYY) in pigs. The amino acid sequences of PP are conserved in mammals and other nonmammalian specie. Human PP: Mr. 4182. Soluble in water, acid solutions, and methanol. 

Gene and mRNA

The human PP gene is localized with the NPY gene on chromosome 17p21.31 and consists of four exons. In humans, preproPP has 95 aa residues, comprising a 29-aa signal peptide, a 36-aa mature PP, and a 30-aa C-terminal peptide. PP gene expression is restricted to the pancreas in the fourth cell type, named F cells. The PP-producing F cells often take up a peripheral position in the islets, and are distinct from the three other major islet cell populations, the insulin-producing β cells, the glucagon-producing α cells, and the somatostatin-producing S cells.

Synthesis and release

A potential AP-1 binding site and several potential AP-2 binding sequences, which are activated by cAMP and phorbol ester, are located upstream of the transcriptional initiation site of the human PP gene. PP is secreted from the F cells of the pancreatic islets. The secretion of PP is increased by protein meal ingestion, fasting, and exercise.

Agonists and antagonists

Agonists and antagonists for the Y4 receptor are discussed in Subchapter 34B.

Biological functions

PP secreted from the pancreas stimulates gastric juice secretion. The peripheral administration of PP decreases food intake in rodents while central administration of PP increases food intake. PP inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion, gall bladder contraction, gastric emptying, and gutmotility.The peripheral administration of PP causes Y4 receptor-dependent c-Fos expression in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and amygdala. The chronic peripheral administration of PP reduces anxiety.

Clinical implications

Plasma PP levels are reduced following increased food intake, and elevated in anorexia nervosa. PP administration reduces food intake in lean humans as well as in obese patients with Prader-Willi syndrome. No PP-related peptides and compounds have been used clinically as therapeutic agents.

Description

Pancreatic polypeptide is an agonist of neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors that reduces forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation in L-M(TK-) cells recombinantly expressing human and rat Y4 receptors (EC50s = 87.1 and 36.3 pM, respectively). It binds to Y1 and Y5 receptors with Ki values of 19 and 3.9 nM, respectively, for human and 50 and 2.4 nM, respectively, for rhesus monkey receptors. Pancreatic polypeptide also binds to rabbit Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y5 receptors (Kis = 0.39, 0.087, 0.79, and 0.24 nM, respectively). It induces contractile responses in isolated rat colon with EC50 values of 1.6 and 0.7 nM for ascending and descending colon segments, respectively. In vivo, pancreatic polypeptide (0.7-7 nmol, i.c.v.) increases food intake in rats.

Clinical Use

PP secretion from the pancreas in response to vagal nerve stimulation has been used as a diagnostic test of vagal nerve function.

storage

Store at -20°C

PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

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PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN Suppliers

China 85 Europe 1 Germany 4 Switzerland 1 United Kingdom 3 United States 12 Global 106
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75976-10-2, PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMANRelated Search:

PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (AVIAN) PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (BOVINE) PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (31-36) (HUMAN) PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (1-17)-(ALA31,AIB32)-NEUROPEPTIDE Y (18-36) (HUMAN) H-LEU-THR-ARG-PRO-ARG-TYR-OH PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (RANA TEMPORARIA) PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, RAT (GLY1,SER3,22,GLN4,34,THR6,ALA19,TYR21,ALA23,31,AIB32)-PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (HUMAN) TRIFLUOROACETATE SALT ([125I]-TYR)-PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (HUMAN) PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN FRAGMENT 31-36 BIOTINYL-PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (HUMAN) PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, (HUMAN) [125I]- BIOTIN-PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN NEUROPEPTIDE Y (19-23)-(GLY1,SER3,GLN4,THR6,ALA31,AIB32,GLN34)-PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE (HUMAN) PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN,PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN SYNTHETIC >99% ANTI-PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN

  • M.W. 4181.71 C185H287N53O54S2
  • H-ALA-PRO-LEU-GLU-PRO-VAL-TYR-PRO-GLY-ASP-ASN-ALA-THR-PRO-GLU-GLN-MET-ALA-GLN-TYR-ALA-ALA-ASP-LEU-ARG-ARG-TYR-ILE-ASN-MET-LEU-THR-ARG-PRO-ARG-TYR-NH2
  • APLEPVYPGDNATPEQMAQYAADLRRYINMLTRPRY-NH2
  • ALA-PRO-LEU-GLU-PRO-VAL-TYR-PRO-GLY-ASP-ASN-ALA-THR-PRO-GLU-GLN-MET-ALA-GLN-MET-ALA-GLN-TYR-ALA-ALA-ASP-LEU-ARG-ARG-TYR-ILE-ASN-MET-LEU-THR-ARG-PRO-ARG-TYR-NH2
  • ALA-PRO-LEU-GLU-PRO-VAL-TYR-PRO-GLY-ASP-ASN-ALA-THR-PRO-GLU-GLN-MET-ALA-GLN-TYR-ALA-ALA-ASP-LEU-ARG-ARG-TYR-ILE-ASN-MET-LEU-THR-ARG-PRO-ARG-TYR-NH2
  • ALA-PRO-LEU-GLU-PRO-VAL-TYR-PRO-GLY-ASP-ASN-ALA-THR-PRO-GLU-GLN-MET-ALA-GLN-TYR-ALA-ALA-ASP-LEU-ARG-ARG-TYR-ILE-ASN-MET-LEU-THR-ARG-PRO-ARG-TYR-NH2 HUMAN
  • PP, HUMAN
  • PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE
  • PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN
  • H-Ala-Pro-Leu-Pro-Val-Tyr-Pro-Gly-Asp-Asn-Ala-Thr-Pro-Glu-Gln-Met-Ala-Gln-Tyr-Ala-Ala-Asp-Leu-Arg-Arg-Tyr-Ile-Asn-Met-Leu-Thr-Arg-Pro-Arg-Tyr-NH2
  • REF DUPL: H-Ala-Pro-Leu-Glu-Pro-Val-Tyr-Pro-Gly-Asp-Asn-Ala-Thr-Pro-Glu-Gln-Met-Ala-Gln-Tyr-Ala-Ala-Asp-Leu-Arg-Arg-Tyr-Ile-Asn-Met-Leu-Thr-Arg-Pro-Arg-Tyr-NH2
  • Pancreatic Polypeptide huManPancreatic Polypeptide
  • Human pancreatic polypeptide
  • Pancreatic polypeptide(human) (9CI)
  • Pancreatic Polypeptide human, ≥95% (HPLC)
  • PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, HUMAN USP/EP/BP
  • Pancreatic Polypeptide (human) (trifluoroaceate salt)
  • 75976-10-2
  • C185H287N53O54S2
  • Natriuretic Peptides
  • Peptides
  • Amino Acids and Peptides
  • Biochemicals and Reagents
  • BioChemical
  • Peptide
  • Neuropeptide Y (NPY ) receptor
  • Elisa Kit-Mouse Elisa Kit