ammonium hydrogensulphide
ammonium hydrogensulphide Basic information
- Product Name:
- ammonium hydrogensulphide
- Synonyms:
-
- ammonium hydrogensulphide
- Ammonium sulfide ((NH4)(SH))
- AMMONIUMHYDROSULPHIDE
- azanium,sulfanide
- CAS:
- 12124-99-1
- MF:
- H5NS
- MW:
- 51.11
- EINECS:
- 235-184-3
- Product Categories:
-
- Inorganics
- Mol File:
- 12124-99-1.mol
ammonium hydrogensulphide Chemical Properties
- Melting point:
- 118°C
- Boiling point:
- 33.33°C (estimate)
- Density
- 1.17
- FEMA
- 2053 | AMMONIUM SULFIDE
- solubility
- slightly soluble in acetone; insoluble in benzene, ethyl ether
- form
- white tetragonal or orthorhombic crystals
- color
- white tetragonal or orthorhombic crystals, crystalline
- Odor
- ammoniacal
- Water Solubility
- 128.1g/100g H2O (0°C), decomposes in hot H2O [CIC73]; insoluble ether, benzene [KIR78]
- CAS DataBase Reference
- 12124-99-1
- EPA Substance Registry System
- Ammonium sulfide ((NH4)(SH)) (12124-99-1)
ammonium hydrogensulphide Usage And Synthesis
Chemical Properties
Ammonium sulfide is a yellow crystalline (sugar or sand-like) material, commonly found in liquid solution, which is flammable. Solution has an odor of rotten eggs.
Physical properties
White tetragonal or orthorhombic crystal; density 1.17g/cm3; refractive index 1.74; unstable, sublimes readily at ordinary temperatures; vapor pressure 748 torr at 32°C; highly soluble in water, alcohol, liquid ammonia and liquid hydrogen sulfide; insoluble in benzene, hexane and ether.
Uses
In lubricants.
Preparation
NH4HS is prepared by the reaction of an equimolar amount of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide:
2NH2HS + 2S → (NH4)2S3 + H2S.
Definition
The true sulfide is sta- ble only in the absence of moisture and below 0C. The ammonium sulfide of commerce is largely ammonium bisulfide or hydrosulfide, NH 4 HS.
General Description
Clear, yellowish liquid. Kept basic with NaOH, as acid will release hydrogen sulfide gas. Technical grade is 40-44%. Used in photography, textiles, synthetic flavors, coloring brasses, bronzes, and iron control.
Air & Water Reactions
Water soluble, with release of hydrogen sulfide, especially when acidified.
Reactivity Profile
ammonium hydrogensulphide is a reducing agent. Reacts with oxidizing agents, including inorganic oxoacids, organic peroxides and epoxides. Reacts vigorously with acids to release hydrogen sulfide gas. Evolves poisonous ammonia on contact with strong bases.
Hazard
Strong irritant to skin and mucous mem- branes.
Health Hazard
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Fire Hazard
Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion, subcutaneous, and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Pyroforic in air. See also SULFIDES. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of SOx, NOx, and NH3. Incompatible with zinc.
Potential Exposure
It is used in photographic developers, synthetic flavors, coloring metals (i.e., to apply patina to bronze); and to make textiles.
Shipping
UN2923 Corrosive solids, toxic, n.o.s., Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 6.1-Poisonous material, Technical Name Required. UN2683 Ammonium sulfide solution, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 6.1-Poisonous materials, 3-Flammable liquid
Incompatibilities
Vapor form explosive mixture with air Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Evolves poisonous ammonia on contact with strong bases. Contact with acid or acid fumes releases hydrogen sulfide. Keep away from moisture.
Waste Disposal
Add to a large volume of ferric chloride solution with stirring. Neutralize with soda ash. Flush to drain with water.
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