CA2 antibody Usage And Synthesis

Source

Rabbit

Reactivity

Human

Background

Carbonic anhydrases are a family of ancient zinc metalloenzymes found in almost all living organisms. All CA can be divided into 3 distinct classes that evolved independently and have no significant homology in sequence and overall folding. All functional CA catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 into HCO3- and H+ and contain a zinc atom in the active sites essential for catalysis. There are many isoforms of CA in mammals and they all belong to the α class.CA2 is a cytosolic member of the α class. It is the most widely distributed isoform among the mammalian CAs. Defects in CA2 are associated with osteopetrosis and renal tubular acidosis. Elevated expression of CA2 is observed in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and the developing brains of Down syndrome patients. CA2 is also overexpressed in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors and is considered a useful marker for diagnosis. Recently, CA2 was reported to facilitate transporter activity of the monocarboxylate transporter isoform 1 and 4 independent of its own catalytic activity.

References

[1] Smith, K.S. et al. (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96, 15184-9.
[2] Tripp, B.C. et al. (2001) J Biol Chem 276, 48615-8.
[3] McMahon, C. et al. (2001) Blood 97, 1947-50.
[4] Borthwick, K.J. et al. (2003) J Med Genet 40, 115-21.
[5] Lai, L.W. et al. (1998) J Clin Invest 101, 1320-5.
[6] Palminiello, S. et al. (2008) Brain Res 1190, 193-205.
[7] Jang, B.G. et al. (2010) J Alzheimers Dis 21, 939-45.
[8] Parkkila, S. et al. (2010) Mod Pathol 23, 743-50.
[9] Becker, H.M. et al. (2005) J Biol Chem 280, 39882-9.
[10] Becker, H.M. et al. (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108, 3071-6.

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