SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE Chemical Properties

Melting point:

526 ±3°

Boiling point:

solid: 1580℃ [CRC10]

Density 

0.922 g/mL at 25 °C

Flash point:

−2 °F

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

reacts with H2O

form 

powder

color 

Deep blue-green

Sensitive 

Air & Moisture Sensitive

Merck 

14,8349

Exposure limits

ACGIH: TWA 50 ppm; STEL 100 ppm (Skin)
OSHA: TWA 200 ppm(590 mg/m3)
NIOSH: IDLH 2000 ppm; TWA 200 ppm(590 mg/m3); STEL 250 ppm(735 mg/m3)

InChIKey

UAWABSHMGXMCRK-UHFFFAOYSA-L

CAS DataBase Reference

32248-43-4(CAS DataBase Reference)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

F,Xi,Xn

Risk Statements 

11-19-36/37-40

Safety Statements 

16-29-33-36/37-26

RIDADR 

UN 2056 3/PG 2

WGK Germany 

3

F 

1-10

HazardClass 

3

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

28276000

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich

SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE Usage And Synthesis

Reaction

SmI2 has been used extensively in literature due to its large reduction potential. Known as a single-electron transfer reagent.

Mechanism of SmI2-mediated Reactions

Radicals and anions from organohalides

Reduction of halides: iodides > bromides > chloride


reaction carried out at 60 °C

Description

Samarium(II) iodide, SmI2, when employed as a solution for organic synthesis, is known as “Kagan’s reagent.” SmI2 is a green solid and its solutions are green as well. It is a strong one-electron reducing agent that is used in organic synthesis. Solid, solvent-free SmI2 forms by high-temperature decomposition of samarium(III) iodide (SmI3).

Chemical Properties

Deep bleu-green solution

Uses

Samarium(II) iodide solution (SmI₂) can be used as a reagent in the synthesis of:

• Benzannulated pyrrolizidines and indolizidines by SmI₂-induced cyclizations of indole derivatives.
• Chiral 4-substituted 2-oxazolidinones and 5,5-disubstituted oxazolidinones through asymmetric Reformatsky type reaction.
• γ-Aminoalkyl substituted γ-butyrolactones via ketyl-alkene coupling reaction.

It can also be used in:

• Reduction of conjugated double and triple bonds into alkenes using SmI₂/H₂O/amine mixtures.
• Conversion of β-hydroxyketones into 1,3-diols by SmI₂/H₂O/Et₃N.
• Selective reduction of 6-membered lactones to the corresponding diols/triols using SmI₂-H₂O reagent system.

SmI₂ is an effective single-electron reducing agent for the promotion of ketone-olefin, ketyl aryl cyclizations, and pinacol coupling reactions under mild conditions. Often both intramolecular and intermolecular couplings proceed in a highly stereoselective fashion. It is also used in the synthesis of new heteroleptic samarium aryloxide/cyclopentadienide complexes.

Uses

In organic synthesis and electron transfer reactions; in discharge lamps.

Purification Methods

A possible impurity is SmI3 from which it is made. If present, grind the solid to a powder and heat it in a stream of pure H2. The temperature (~ 500-600o) should be below the m (~ 628o) of SmI3, since the molten compounds react very slowly. [Wetzel in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II pp 1149, 1150 1965.]

SAMARIUM(II) IODIDE(32248-43-4)Related Product Information

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