Dichloroacetonitrile Chemical Properties

Boiling point:

110-112 °C(lit.)

Density 

1.369 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.44(lit.)

Flash point:

96 °F

storage temp. 

0-6°C

solubility 

soluble in Methanol

color 

Colorless to Light yellow to Light orange

Specific Gravity

1.37

BRN 

1739029

Exposure limits

NIOSH: IDLH 25 mg/m3

Stability:

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

CAS DataBase Reference

3018-12-0(CAS DataBase Reference)

IARC

3 (Vol. 52, 71) 1999

NIST Chemistry Reference

Acetonitrile, dichloro-(3018-12-0)

EPA Substance Registry System

Dichloroacetonitrile (3018-12-0)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes 

C

Risk Statements 

10-22-34

Safety Statements 

26-36/37/39-45-25-16

RIDADR 

UN 2920 8/PG 2

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

AL8465000

F 

9-19

HazardClass 

3

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

29269090

Hazardous Substances Data

3018-12-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

MSDS

• Language:English Provider:Dichloroacetonitrile
• Language:English Provider:ACROS
• Language:English Provider:SigmaAldrich
• Language:English Provider:ALFA

Dichloroacetonitrile Usage And Synthesis

Chemical Properties

colourless liquid

Uses

Dichloroacetonitrile can be used as a reactant to prepare:

• Chiral α, α-dichloro-β-aminonitriles via Pd-catalyzed enantioselective Mannich-type reaction with imines.
• α, α-dialkyl-substituted nitriles by an alkylation reaction with trialkylboranes in the presence of phenoxide base as a base.
• Halogenated pyridines via copper-catalyzed reaction with methacrolein.
• α,α-dichloro-β-hydroxy nitriles by condensation reaction with aldehydes and ketones in the presence of an alkoxide base.
• Selenium heterocycle derivatives via Diels–Alder cyclization with selenoaldehydes.
• Dichloroacetonitrile can also be used to develop an efficient method for the extraction and determination of common volatile halogenated disinfection by-products using the static headspace technique coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Definition

ChEBI: Dichloroacetonitrile is an aliphatic nitrile.

General Description

Clear liquid.

Air & Water Reactions

Burns slowly, emitting a thick black smoke, but will not flash . Water soluble.

Reactivity Profile

Dichloroacetonitrile is a halogenated nitrile. Nitriles may polymerize in the presence of metals and some metal compounds. They are incompatible with acids; mixing nitriles with strong oxidizing acids can lead to extremely violent reactions. Nitriles are generally incompatible with other oxidizing agents such as peroxides and epoxides. The combination of bases and nitriles can produce hydrogen cyanide. Nitriles are hydrolyzed in both aqueous acid and base to give carboxylic acids (or salts of carboxylic acids). These reactions generate heat. Peroxides convert nitriles to amides. Nitriles can react vigorously with reducing agents.

Health Hazard

ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition Dichloroacetonitrile emits toxic fumes of chlorine, cyanides and nitrogen oxides.

Fire Hazard

Dichloroacetonitrile is probably combustible.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Dichloroacetonitrile is direct-acting mutagen and induces DNA strand breaks in cultured human lymphoblastic cells. It induces apoptosis or necrosis in murine macrophage cell line via reactive oxygen intermediates-mediated oxidative mechanisms of cellular damage.

Purification Methods

Purify the nitrile by distillation or by gas chromatography. [Beilstein 2 IV 506.] FLAMMABLE.

Dichloroacetonitrile(3018-12-0)Related Product Information

• Chloroacetonitrile
• Iminodiacetonitrile
• Dichloromethane
• CYANOGEN
• Benzeneacetonitrile
• Glycolonitrile
• Trichloroacetonitrile
• DICHLOROMALONONITRILE
• Chloromethane
• 2,2,3-TRICHLOROPROPIONITRILE
• 1,3-BENZOTHIAZOL-2-YL(DICHLORO)ACETONITRILE
• methyl 2,2-dichloro-2-cyanoacetate
• Dichloroacetonitrile
• DICHLOROACETONITRILE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN ACETONE 1ML
• DICHLOROACETONITRILE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN ACETONE 5X1ML
• DICHLOROACETONITRILE SOLUTION 100UG/ML IN ACETONE 5ML
• 2,2-dichloroacetonitrile
• DICHLOROACETONITRILE, NEAT*, 100MG