Product Identification

Product Name

PNCB

Synonyms

1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene
4-Chloronitrobenzene
p-Chloronitrobenzene

CAS

100-00-5

Formula

C6H4ClNO2

Molecular Weight

157.56

EINECS

202-809-6

RTECS

CZ1050000

RTECS Class

Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector

Merck

13,2170

Beilstein/Gmelin

508691

Beilstein Reference

4-05-00-00723

EC Index Number

610-005-00-5

EC Class

Toxic; Danger of cumulative effects; Dangerous for the Environment

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Light yellow crystalline solid. Sweet odor.

Solubility in water

0.21 g/L (20 C)

Melting Point

83

Boiling Point

239

Vapor Pressure

0.09 (25 C)

Density

1.52 g/cm3 (20 C)

Partition Coefficient

2.39

Heat Of Vaporization

62.1 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-2909 kJ/mol

Usage

P-chloronitrobenzene is used to manufacture p-nitrophenol, p-nitroaniline, p-aminophenol, phenacetin, acetominophen, parathion and other agricultural chemicals, rubber chemicals, antioxidants, oil additives and dapsone (an antimalarial drug).

Vapor Density

5.44

Refractive Index

1.5376 (100 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.

Inhalation

Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration.

Skin

Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.

Eyes

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Keep containers tightly closed.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well ventilated area. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Do not ingest or inhale.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

May cause effects similar to those described for ingestion. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown blood.

Skin

Causes skin irritation. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material.

Eyes

Causes eye irritation.

Ingestion

Harmful if swallowed. Aspiration of material into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis, which may be fatal. Methemoglobinemia is characterized by dizziness, drowsiness, headache, breath shortness, cyanosis with bluish skin, rapid heart rate and chocolate-brown colored blood. May cause central nervous system depression.

Hazards

Containers may explode when heated.

EC Risk Phrase

R 23/24/25 33 51/53

EC Safety Phrase

S 28 36/37 45 61

UN (DOT)

1578

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves and clothing to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin.

Respirators

Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Exposure Effects

May cause liver and kidney damage. Absorption into the body leads to the formation of methemoglobin which in sufficient concentrations causes cyanosis. May cause anemia and other blood cell abnormalities. May cause fatigue, dizziness, headache, insomnia and weight loss.

Exposure limit(s)

TLV: 0.1 ppm; 0.64 mg/m3 (as TWA) A3 (skin) (ACGIH 1997). OSHA PEL: TWA 1 mg/m3 skin NIOSH REL: Ca See Appendix A skin NIOSH IDLH: Potential occupational carcinogen 100 mg/m3

Poison Class

4

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

95

Autoignition

515

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Containers may explode when heated. To extinguish fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

Upper exp. limit

8.8

Fire Potential

This compound is combustible.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Remove all sources of ignition. Provide ventilation.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code

9

Incompatibilities

Oxidizing agents.

Stability

Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Decomposition

Hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, nitrogen.

Combustion Products

Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Transport Information

UN Number

1578

Hazard Class

6.1

Packing Group

II

HS Code

2904 90 85