Product Identification

Product Name

Levulic acid

Synonyms

4-Ketovaleric acid
4-Oxovaleric acid
Laevulinic acid
Levulic acid
Levulinic acid

CAS

123-76-2

Formula

C5H8O3

Molecular Weight

116.12

EINECS

204-649-2

RTECS

OI1575000

RTECS Class

Primary Irritant

Merck

13,5492

Beilstein/Gmelin

506796

Beilstein Reference

4-03-00-01560

EC Class

harmful, irritant

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Colorless to light yellow solid.

Solubility in water

Very soluble

Melting Point

26 - 29

Boiling Point

245

Vapor Pressure

0.011 (25 C)

Density

1.14 g/cm3

pKa/pKb

4.78 (pKa)

Partition Coefficient

-.49

Heat Of Vaporization

52.9 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-2417 kJ/mol

Usage

Substance is used in organic syntheses.

Vapor Density

4

Refractive Index

1.4394 (15.8 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.

Inhalation

Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Do not use mouth-to-mouth respiration if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.

Skin

Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.

Eyes

Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Store protected from light.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Store protected from light.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

Causes respiratory tract irritation. Can produce delayed pulmonary edema.

Skin

Causes moderate skin irritation.

Eyes

Causes eye irritation. May cause chemical conjunctivitis.

Ingestion

May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May be harmful if swallowed.

Hazards

Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.

EC Risk Phrase

R 22 36/38

EC Safety Phrase

S 26 36/37/39

UN (DOT)

3261

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use.

Exposure Effects

Effects may be delayed.

Poison Class

-

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

137

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. To extinguish fire use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.

Upper exp. limit

10.6

Lower exp. limit

1.8

Fire Potential

Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code

4

Incompatibilities

Oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases, direct light.

Stability

Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions. May decompose when exposed to light.

Decomposition

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.

Combustion Products

Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Transport Information

UN Number

3261

Hazard Class

8

Packing Group

I; II; III

HS Code

2918 30 00