Product Identification

Product Name

2,3-Butanedione

Synonyms

2,3-Diketobutane
Butanedione
Diacetyl
Dimethyl diketone
Dimethylglyoxal

CAS

431-03-8

Formula

C4H6O2

Molecular Weight

86.09

EINECS

207-069-8

RTECS

EK2625000

RTECS Class

Tumorigen; Drug; Mutagen; Primary Irritant

Merck

13,2985

Beilstein/Gmelin

605398

Beilstein Reference

4-01-00-03644

EC Class

highly flammable, harmful, irritant

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

A clear colorless liquid with a strong chlorine-like odor.

Solubility in water

Miscible

Melting Point

-2

Boiling Point

190

Vapor Pressure

0.01 (-70 C)

Density

0.9904 g/cm3

Heat Of Vaporization

38.73 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-2072 kJ/mol

Usage

Carrier of aroma of butter, vinegar, coffee & other foods.

Vapor Density

3

Odor threshold

8.6 ppb

Refractive Index

1.39303

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid.

Inhalation

Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.

Skin

Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.

Eyes

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Refrigerator/flammables.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

May cause respiratory tract irritation.

Skin

Causes moderate skin irritation. Causes redness and pain.

Eyes

May cause eye irritation. Causes redness and pain.

Ingestion

Causes gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May be harmful if swallowed.

Hazards

Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. May polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

EC Risk Phrase

R 11 20 36/38

EC Safety Phrase

S 16 26 36/37/39

UN (DOT)

2346

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Exposure Effects

Limited studies have generally documented little or no effect of ketones on reproduction in experimental animals. Human data is lacking. 2,5-Hexanedione has an effect on spermatogenesis in male experimental animals.

Poison Class

4

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

5

Autoignition

365

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Will burn if involved in a fire. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Extinguishing media: Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. In case of fire use water fog, dry chemical, carbon dioxide or alcohol type foam.

Upper exp. limit

13.0

Lower exp. limit

2.4

Fire Potential

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code

1

Incompatibilities

Metals, strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, strong bases.

Stability

Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Decomposition

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.

Combustion Products

Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Transport Information

UN Number

2346

Hazard Class

3

Packing Group

II

HS Code

2914 19 90