Product Identification

Product Name

2-Bromo-2-methylpropionic acid ethyl ester

Synonyms

2,3,7,8-TCDD
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorooxanthrene
a-Bromoisobutyric acid ethyl ester
Dioxin
Dioxine
Ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate
Ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate
Ethyl a-bromoisobutyrate
Propanoic acid, 2-bromo-2-methyl-, ethyl ester

CAS

1746-01-6

CAS

600-00-0

Formula

C12H4Cl4O2

Formula

C6H11BrO2

Molecular Weight

321.97000000000003

Molecular Weight

195.06

EINECS

209-980-6

EINECS

217-122-7

RTECS

HP3500000

RTECS Class

Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data; Primary Irritant

Merck

12,9252

Beilstein/Gmelin

1098947

Beilstein/Gmelin

271116

Beilstein Reference

4-02-00-00862

Beilstein Reference

5-19-02-00041

EC Class

irritant

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Clear, colorless liquid.

Appearance

White crystals or tan crystalline powder.

Solubility in water

Insoluble

Solubility in water

0.2 ug/L

Boiling Point

420

Boiling Point

65

Vapor Pressure

8.3E-7 (25 C)

Density

1.1323 g/cm3 (0 C)

Partition Coefficient

6.95

Heat Of Vaporization

64.5 kJ/mol

Usage

Research chemical.

Vapor Density

6.73

Refractive Index

1.4446 (20 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. MMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

Ingestion

If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.

Ingestion

Right-upper-quadrant pain, anorexia, nausea and vomiting may be early symptoms. Pancreatitis occurred in one case of industrial exposure.

Inhalation

IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used.

Inhalation

Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.

Inhalation

Dyspnea may be noted.

Skin

Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.

Skin

IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

Skin

The initial dermal reaction is extensive inflammation of exposed areas with photosensitivity, followed by development of chloracne.

Eyes

Inflammation of the eye, irritation and burning may be noted.

Eyes

First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

Eyes

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT allow victim to rub or keep eyes closed.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area.

Storage

Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage.

Handling

All chemicals should be considered hazardous. Avoid direct physical contact. Use appropriate, approved safety equipment. Untrained individuals should not handle this chemical or its container. Handling should occur in a chemical fume hood.

Handling

Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Use with adequate ventilation. Wash clothing before reuse. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Hazards Identification

Ingestion

Causes gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

Inhalation

Causes respiratory tract irritation. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.

Skin

Causes skin irritation.

Eyes

Causes eye irritation. Lachrymator.

Hazards

Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.

EC Risk Phrase

R 34

EC Safety Phrase

S 26 36/37/39 45

UN (DOT)

1993

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Personal Protection

For workers engaged in the decontamination process after an accident, it is recommended that they wear complete throw away equipment to protect the skin and prevent exposure to dust and vapors from the contaminated materials. NIOSH approved respiration should be used if any procedure that may produce inhalation of airborne contaminated material cannot be avoided.

Respirators

A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use.

Respirators

Use NIOSH/MSHA approved respirator appropriate for exposure of concern.

Exposure Effects

Peripheral neuropathy, with sensory impairment and lower extremity weakness, central neuropathy, mental status changes, headache and dizziness occur after exposure. Mild exposure may result in asymptomatic EMG alterations. Dioxins have not been proven to produce adverse reproductive effects in humans. However, low birthweights, ectodermal dysplasia, and growth and neurological deficits have been associated with dioxin exposure. Data on spontaneous abortions, decreased sperm quality and feminizing alterations of sex hormones have been mixed. TCDD accumulates in breast milk, and neurolgical deficits and increases in T4 and TSH have been associated with lactational exposure. TCDD is considered an animal teratogen.

Exposure limit(s)

NIOSH REL: Ca See Appendix A

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

164

Flash Point

61

Fire Fighting

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Will burn if involved in a fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Water may be ineffective. Material is lighter than water and a fire may be spread by the use of water. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire.

Fire Potential

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

Fire Potential

This material is nonflammable

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Sweep up or absorb material, then place into a suitable clean, dry, closed container for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Small spills/leaks

If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then dampen the solid spill material with toluene, then using absorbent paper transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with toluene to pick up any remaining material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent-wash all contaminated surfaces with toluene followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code

2

Stability

Changed chemically when exposed in isooctane or n-octanol to UV light tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is stable under ordinary conditions of storage. 2,3,7,8-Tcdd is considered relatively stable toward heat, acids, and alkalies.

Stability

Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.

Incompatibilities

Strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases.

Incompatibilities

Uv light (decomposes)

Decomposition

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin begins to decompose at 500 C and virtually complete decomposition occurs within 21 seconds at a temp of 800 C.

Decomposition

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen bromide.

Combustion Products

Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Transport Information

UN Number

1993

Hazard Class

3

Packing Group

I; II; III

HS Code

2915 90 80