Product Identification

Product Name

Pentane

Synonyms

Amyl hydride
Pentane
Skellysolve A

CAS

109-66-0

Formula

C5H12

Molecular Weight

72.150000000000006

EINECS

203-692-4

RTECS

RZ9450000

RTECS Class

Drug

Merck

12,7255

Beilstein/Gmelin

969132

Beilstein Reference

4-01-00-00303

EC Index Number

601-006-00-1

EC Class

Extremely flammable; Harmful; Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking; Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness; Dangerous for the Environment

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Colorless liquid with a gasoline- or petroleum-like odor.

Solubility in water

400 mg/L

Melting Point

-130

Boiling Point

36.1

Vapor Pressure

512 (25 C)

Density

0.626 g/cm3 (20 C)

Partition Coefficient

3.39

Heat Of Vaporization

28.42 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-3539 kJ/mol

Usage

Component of aerosol propellants, as raw material for prodn of chlorinated pentanes and pentanols.

Saturation Concentration

64.2% at 20 C

Vapor Density

2.5

Odor threshold

10 ppm

Refractive Index

1.35768 (20 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

Do NOT induce vomiting. Get medical aid immediately.

Inhalation

Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

Skin

Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists.

Eyes

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Keep from contact with oxidizing materials. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Bond and ground containers when transferring liquid.-area.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Do not ingest or inhale. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

Inhalation of high concentrations may cause central nervous system effects characterized by headache, dizziness, unconsciousness and coma. May cause respiratory tract irritation. Aspiration may lead to pulmonary edema. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. May cause burning sensation in the chest.

Skin

Causes skin irritation. May cause irritation and dermatitis. May cause cyanosis of the extremities.

Eyes

Causes eye irritation. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage.

Ingestion

Aspiration hazard. May cause irritation of the digestive tract. Symptoms may include: headache, excitement, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, stupor, and coma. May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause central nervous system depression, characterized by excitement, followed by headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea. Advanced stages may cause collapse, unconsciousness, coma and possible death due to respiratory failure. Aspiration of material into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis, which may be fatal. Ingestion of large amounts may cause CNS depression.

Hazards

Containers may explode

EC Risk Phrase

R 12 51/53 65 66 67

EC Safety Phrase

S 9 16 29 33 61 62

UN (DOT)

1265

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear neoprene gloves, apron, and/or clothing. Wear natural rubber gloves, apron, and/or clothing. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Exposure Effects

Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause defatting and dermatitis.

Exposure limit(s)

OSHA PEL: TWA 1000 ppm (2950 mg/m3) NIOSH REL: TWA 120 ppm (350 mg/m3) C 610 ppm (1800 mg/m3) 15-minute NIOSH IDLH: 1500 ppm LEL

Poison Class

5

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

-49

Autoignition

285

Fire Fighting

Wear proper protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece operated in positive pressure.Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

Upper exp. limit

87.8

Lower exp. limit

1.4

Fire Potential

Very flammable, combustion imminent.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Scoop up with a nonsparking tool, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Use water spray to disperse the gas/vapor. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Stability and Reactivity

Stability

Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.

Incompatibilities

Strong oxidizing agents, coatings, plastics, rubber.

Decomposition

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of carbon.

Combustion Products

Toxic gases and vapors (such as carbon monoxide) may be released in a fire involving pentane.

Transport Information

UN Number

1265

Hazard Class

3

Packing Group

I; II

HS Code

2901 10 90