Product Identification

Product Name

2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether

Synonyms

1,1'-Oxybis[2-chloroethane]
1-Chloro-2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethane
bis(2-Chlorethyl)ether
Di(2-chloroethyl) ether
sym-Dichloroethyl ether

CAS

111-44-4

Formula

C4H8Cl2O

Molecular Weight

143.01

EINECS

203-870-1

RTECS

KN0875000

RTECS Class

Agricultural Chemical and Pesticide; Tumorigen; Mutagen; Primary Irritant

Merck

13,3091

Beilstein/Gmelin

605317

Beilstein Reference

4-01-00-01375

EC Index Number

603-029-00-2

EC Class

Flammable; Very toxic; Harmful

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Colorless liquid with a chlorinated solvent-like odor.

Solubility in water

10 g/L

Melting Point

-44

Boiling Point

178

Vapor Pressure

2 (30 C)

Density

1.22917 g/cm3 (12 C)

Partition Coefficient

1.29

Heat Of Vaporization

38.38 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-17470 kJ/mol

Usage

Reagent for organic synthesis, solvent.

Saturation Concentration

921 ppm (0.09%) at 20 C (calculated)

Vapor Density

4.93

Odor threshold

90 mg/m3

Refractive Index

1.4548 (20 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.

Inhalation

Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

Skin

Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.

Eyes

Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

May be fatal if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. Aspiration may lead to pulmonary edema. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. May cause burning sensation in the chest.

Skin

Causes skin irritation. May be fatal if absorbed through the skin. May cause irritation and dermatitis. May cause cyanosis of the extremities.

Eyes

Causes severe eye irritation. Lachrymator. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage.

Ingestion

Harmful if swallowed. Causes gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Ingestion of large amounts may cause CNS depression.

Hazards

May form phosgene or hydrogen chloride in fires. There is danger of explosion when ethers are heated or exposed to flames or sparks. Ethers tend to form peroxides; when ethers containing peroxides are heated, they can detonate. May be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Container may explode in heat of fire. Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Decomposes in the presence of moisture to form hydrochloric acid. Emits toxic fumes when heated to decomposition. Reacts vigorously with oleum and chlorosulfonic acid. Ethers tend to form peroxides upon standing. Heating peroxide-containing ethers can cause detonation.

EC Risk Phrase

R 10 26/27/28 68

EC Safety Phrase

S 7/9 27 38 45

UN (DOT)

1916

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Exposure Effects

Potential cancer hazard.

Exposure limit(s)

NIOSH REL: Ca TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3) ST 10 ppm (60 mg/m3) [skin] See Appendix A OSHA PEL: TWA 15 ppm (90 mg/m3) [skin] IDLH Ca [100 ppm]

Poison Class

2

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

55

Autoignition

365

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Will burn if involved in a fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use straight streams of water.

Lower exp. limit

2.7

Fire Potential

Moderately flammable. Combustion with moderate heating.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code

9

Stability

Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Incompatibilities

Strong oxidizing agents, coatings, plastics, rubber.

Decomposition

Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.

Combustion Products

May form phosgene or hydrogen chloride in fires.

Transport Information

UN Number

1916

Hazard Class

6.1

Packing Group

II

HS Code

2909 19 00