Product Identification

Product Name

DL-Hydroxybutanedioic acid

Synonyms

Apple acid
Butanedioic acid, hydroxy-
Deoxytetraric acid
Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
Hydroxysuccinic acid
Pomalus Acid

CAS

6915-15-7

Formula

C4H6O5

Molecular Weight

134.09

EINECS

230-022-8

RTECS

ON7175000

RTECS Class

Primary Irritant

Merck

13,5730

Beilstein/Gmelin

1723539

Beilstein Reference

4-03-00-01123

EC Class

irritant

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

White free-flowing, odorless crystals.

Solubility in water

580 g/L

Melting Point

131 - 132

Boiling Point

306

Vapor Pressure

.00007

Density

1.601 g/cm3 (20 C)

pKa/pKb

3.61 (pKa)

Partition Coefficient

-1.26

Heat Of Vaporization

63.4 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-1338 kJ/mol

Usage

Manufacture of various esters and salts, wine manufacture, chelating agent, food acidulant, flavoring.

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

Seek medical attention. If individual is drowsy or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth; place individual on the left side with the head down. Contact a physician, medical facility, or poison control center for advice about whether to induce vomiting. If possible, do not leave individual unattended.

Inhalation

If symptoms develop, move individual away from exposure and into fresh air. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. Keep person warm and quiet; seek immediate medical attention.

Skin

Remove contaminated clothing, wash exposed area with copious amounts of water. A physician should examine the area if irritation or pain persists.

Eyes

If symptoms develop, immediately move individual away from exposure and into fresh air. Flush eyes gently with water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids apart; seek immediate medical attention.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated place. Keep container sealed to avoid contamination and spillage.

Handling

Wear dust filter mask when handling. Uuse PVC or plastic gloves, safety goggles or face shield. Wear other impervious protective clothing to minimise exposure. Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing. Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling and before work breaks, eating, drinking, smoking and using toilet facilities.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

May irritate mucous membranes.

Skin

Malic acid dust and aqueous solutions may irritate the skin.

Eyes

Malic acid dust and aqueous solutions may cause lachrymation (flow of tears) and irritation to the eyes.

Ingestion

Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting.

EC Risk Phrase

R 37/38 41

EC Safety Phrase

S 26 36/37/39

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Chemical splash goggles in compliance with OSHA regulations are advised; however, OSHA regulations also permit other type safety glasses. Whre chemical resistant gloves. To prevent repeated or prolonged skin contact, wear impervious clothing and boots.

Respirators

Dust filter mask

Exposure Effects

Abnormal neuropsychologic function has been reported following hydrochloric acid exposure from a leaking tanker truck.

Poison Class

4

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

153

Autoignition

349

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Clean up personnel should wear protective clothing and breathing apparatus if dust environment exists. Avoid discharge to drains, sewers and watercourses.

Stability and Reactivity

Stability

Stable.

Incompatibilities

Strong oxidizing agents.

Decomposition

Decomposition products include fumes of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Maleic acid or maleic anhydride may be formed as decomposition products.

Combustion Products

-320.1 kcal/mole

Transport Information

HS Code

2918 19 80