Product Identification

Product Name

Perchloroethylene

Synonyms

IMO Pollution Category
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
Carbon bichloride
Carbon dichloride
Perchloroethylene
Tetrachloroethene

CAS

127-18-4

Formula

C2Cl4

Molecular Weight

165.83

EINECS

204-825-9

RTECS

KX3850000

RTECS Class

Agricultural Chemical and Pesticide; Tumorigen; Drug; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data; Primary Irritant

Merck

12,9332

Beilstein/Gmelin

1361721

Beilstein Reference

4-01-00-00715

EC Index Number

602-028-00-4

EC Class

Carcinogenic Category 3; Dangerous for the Environment

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Colorless liquid with mildly sweet odor, resembling diethyl ether or chloroform. The odor can be intense and unpleasant at high concentrations.

Solubility in water

< 0.1 mg/ml

Melting Point

-22

Boiling Point

121.1

Vapor Pressure

19 (25 C)

Density

1.63 g/cm3 (20 C)

Partition Coefficient

3.4

Heat Of Vaporization

39.64 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-680 kJ/mol

Usage

Dry cleaning.

Vapor Density

5.76

Saturation Concentration

2.43% (25 C)

Odor threshold

4.68 ppm

Refractive Index

1.5055 (20 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid.

Inhalation

Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.

Skin

Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Wash clothing before reuse. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water.

Eyes

Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Keep away from heat and flame. Store in a cool, dry place. Keep containers tightly closed.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Do not reuse this container. Avoid breathing vapors from heated material. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from flames and other sources of high temperatures that may cause material to form vapors or mists.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

Inhalation of vapor may cause respiratory tract irritation. May cause central nervous system effects including vertigo, anxiety, depression, muscle incoordination, and emotional instability.

Skin

May cause severe irritation and possible burns.

Eyes

Contact with eyes may cause severe irritation, and possible eye burns.

Ingestion

May cause central nervous system depression, kidney damage, and liver damage. Symptoms may include: headache, excitement, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, stupor, and coma. May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

Hazards

Air/vapor mixtures may explode when ignited. Container may explode in heat of fire.

EC Risk Phrase

R 40 51/53

EC Safety Phrase

S 23 36/37 61

UN (DOT)

1897

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use.

Exposure Effects

Possible cancer hazard based on tests with laboratory animals. Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause defatting and dermatitis. May cause respiratory tract cancer. May cause adverse nervous system effects including muscle tremors and incoordination. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause reproductive and fetal effects.

Exposure limit(s)

OSHA PEL: TWA 100 ppm C 200 ppm 300 ppm (5-minute maximum peak in any 3-hours) NIOSH REL: Ca Minimize workplace exposure concentrations. See Appendix A NIOSH IDLH: Potential occupational carcinogen 150 ppm

Poison Class

4

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

45

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Extinguishing media: Substance is noncombustible; use agent most appropriate to extinguish surrounding fire. For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or water spray. For large fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, or water spray. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

Fire Potential

Hard to ignite.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Flush down the spill with a large amount of water. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation.

Stability and Reactivity

Stability

Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Incompatibilities

Strong bases, alkali metals and aluminum.

Decomposition

Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.

Combustion Products

Toxic, irritating gases may be generated in fires.

Transport Information

UN Number

1897

Hazard Class

6.1

Packing Group

III

HS Code

2903 23 00