Product Identification

Product Name

Cyanoethylene

Synonyms

IMO Pollution Category
2-propenenitrile
Cyanoethylene
Propenenitrile
Propenonitrile
Vinyl cyanide

CAS

107-13-1

Formula

C3H3N

Molecular Weight

53.06

EINECS

203-466-5

RTECS

AT5250000

RTECS Class

Agricultural Chemical and Pesticide; Tumorigen; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data; Primary Irritant

Merck

13,133

Beilstein/Gmelin

605310

Beilstein Reference

4-02-00-01473

EC Index Number

608-003-00-4

EC Class

Highly flammable; Carcinogenic Category 2; Toxic; Irritant; Sensitising; Dangerous for the Environment

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Colorless to pale yellow, volatile, liquid with a slightly pungent odor similar to peach pit kernels, garlic or onion.

Solubility in water

74.5 g/L

Melting Point

-83.55

Boiling Point

77.3

Vapor Pressure

97 (25 C)

Density

0.7951 g/cm3

Partition Coefficient

.25

Heat Of Vaporization

31.8 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-1718 kJ/mol

Usage

In the plastics, surface coatings, & adhesives industries. As chemical intermediate in synthesis of antioxidants, pharmaceuticals, dyes, surface-active agents, extra. In organic synth to introduce cyanoethyl group. As modifier for natural polymers, as a pesticide fumigant for stored grain former use.

Vapor Density

1.9

Saturation Concentration

113500 ppm (11.35%) at 20 C; 142800 ppm (14.28%) at 25 C (calculated)

Odor threshold

21.4 ppm

Refractive Index

1.38836 (20 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.

Inhalation

Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask.

Skin

Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.

Eyes

Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Keep away from heat and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Store outside or in a detached building.

Handling

Wash thoroughly after handling. Wash hands before eating. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Do not ingest or inhale. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

May be fatal if inhaled. Inhalation of high concentrations may cause central nervous system effects characterized by headache, dizziness, unconsciousness and coma. May cause cyanosis, characterized by bluish-colored skin. May cause irritation of the respiratory tract with burning pain in the nose and throat, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and pulmonary edema. Exposure to high concentrations may cause weakness, asphyxia, and death.

Skin

Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. Prolonged and/or repeated contact may cause defatting of the skin and dermatitis. Toxic in contact with skin.

Eyes

Causes severe eye irritation. May result in corneal injury. Lachrymator. Causes redness and pain.

Ingestion

Abdominal pain. Headache. Nausea. Shortness of breath. Vomiting. Weakness (further see Inhalation).

Hazards

Materials are too dangerous to health to expose fire fighters. A few whiffs of vapor could cause death or vapor or liquid could be fatal on penetrating the fire fighter's normal full protective clothing. The normal full protective clothing and breathing apparatus available to the average fire department will not provide adequate protection against inhalation or skin contact with these materials. Explosion hazard is moderate. It is flammable and explosive at normal room temperatures. Can react violently with strong acids, amines, strong alkalis. Vapors may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back.

EC Risk Phrase

R 45 11 23/24/25 37/38 41 43 51/53

EC Safety Phrase

S 9 16 53 45 61

UN (DOT)

1093

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Respirators

20 ppm Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s). Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece. 100 ppm Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s). Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece. Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. 4000 ppm Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece that is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. For Unknown Concentrations or Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health - Any supplied-air respirator with full facepiece and operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with a separate escape supply. Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Escape - Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s). Any self-contained breathing apparatus.

Exposure Effects

May cause cancer in humans. Prolonged skin contact results in systemic toxicity and ulceration after a latency period of several hours with the affected skin resembling a second degree thermal burn.

Exposure limit(s)

OSHA PEL: 1910.1045 TWA 2 ppm C 10 ppm 15-minute skin NIOSH REL: Ca TWA 1 ppm C 10 ppm 15-minute skin See Appendix A NIOSH IDLH: Potential occupational carcinogen 85 ppm

Poison Class

1*

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

-4.4

Autoignition

480

Fire Fighting

Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Can release vapors that form explosive mixtures at temperatures above the flashpoint. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Water may be ineffective. Material is lighter than water and a fire may be spread by the use of water. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. May polymerize explosively when involved in a fire. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Do NOT use straight streams of water. Cool containers with water.

Upper exp. limit

17

Lower exp. limit

2.8

Fire Potential

Very flammable. Combustion imminent.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Scoop up with a nonsparking tool, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Provide ventilation. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code

9

Incompatibilities

Oxidizing agents, acids, bases, copper, copper alloys, heat, light, bromine, silver nitrate, benzyl trimethylammonium hydroxide, peroxides.

Stability

Stable under normal shipping and handling conditions. However, it may undergo explosive polymerization if uninhibited. The substance polymerizes due to heating, under the influence of light, bases and peroxides. Heating may cause violent combustion or explosion.

Decomposition

Hydrogen cyanide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.

Combustion Products

Combustion by-products include hydrogen cyanide and oxides of nitrogens.

Transport Information

UN Number

1093

Hazard Class

3

Packing Group

I

HS Code

2926 10 00