Product Identification

Product Name

1,2-Dinitrobenzene

Synonyms

1,2-Dinitrobenzene
1,2-Dinitrobenzol
1,2-DNB

CAS

528-29-0

Formula

C6H4N2O4

Molecular Weight

168.11

EINECS

208-431-8

RTECS

CZ7450000

RTECS Class

Mutagen

Beilstein/Gmelin

642224

Beilstein Reference

4-05-00-00738

EC Index Number

609-004-00-2

EC Class

Very toxic; Danger of cumulative effects; Dangerous for the Environment

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance

Colorless to yellow solid.

Solubility in water

0.5 g/L

Melting Point

112 - 115

Boiling Point

297

Vapor Pressure

0.0006 (25 C)

Density

1.31 g/cm3 (20 C)

Partition Coefficient

1.58

Heat Of Vaporization

53.9 kJ/mol

Heat Of Combustion

-2945 kJ/mol

Usage

Used for the synthesis of dyestuffs, dyestuff intermediates, explosives, and celluloid production.

Vapor Density

5.79

Refractive Index

1.565 (17 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion

Seek medical assistance.

Inhalation

Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with beta2 agonist and corticosteroid aerosols.

Skin

Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician should examine the area if irritation or pain persists. If patient is cyanotic and symptomatic, methemoglobinemia is likely and methylene blue therapy should be initiated.

Eyes

Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility.

Handling and Storage

Storage

Store at only in permanent magazine. Keep away from initiator explosives and protected from physical damage - separated from oxidizing materials and source of heat.

Handling

All chemicals should be considered hazardous. Avoid direct physical contact. Use appropriate, approved safety equipment. Untrained individuals should not handle this chemical or its container. Handling should occur in a chemical fume hood.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation

Respiratory failure may occur.

Skin

Persistent cyanosis in spite of oxygen therapy usually occurs when the methemoglobin level is greater than 15 percent.

Eyes

Brown discoloration of the vessels of the fundus and the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and the exposed surface of the eyeball may occur. Changes in visual acuity, decreased visual fields, irritation and a diminishing vision within the visual field may occur.

Ingestion

Nausea and vomiting may occur. Urine and vomitus may have the odor of bitter almonds.

Hazards

Containers may explode when heated.

EC Risk Phrase

R 26/27/28 33 50/53

EC Safety Phrase

S 28.1 36/37 45 60 61

UN (DOT)

1597

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection

Employees should be provided with and required to use impervious clothing, gloves, face shields (eight-inch minimum), and other appropriate protective clothing necessary to prevent skin contact with dinitrobenzene or liquids containing dinitrobenzene. Wear appropriate eye protection and protective clothing to prevent skin and eye contact. Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure.

Respirators

Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.

Exposure Effects

Rapid heart rate, rapid breathing, abnormally low blood pressure, and respiratory depression may occur. Headache, dizziness, lethargy, and coma are possible. Nitrobenzene is a possible animal teratogen.

Exposure limit(s)

TLV: 0.15 ppm; 1.0 mg/m3 (as TWA) (skin) (ACGIH 1996). OSHA PEL: TWA 1 mg/m3 skin NIOSH REL: TWA 1 mg/m3 skin NIOSH IDLH: 50 mg/m3

Poison Class

2

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point

150

Fire Fighting

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water, CO 2 , or dry chemical.

Upper exp. limit

9.8

Lower exp. limit

1.8

Fire Potential

Slightly flammable.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks

Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code

9

Stability

Highly reactive.

Incompatibilities

May react vigorously with oxidizing materials.

Decomposition

On combustion, forms toxic gases and fumes including nitrogen oxides.

Combustion Products

Emits highly toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen.

Transport Information

UN Number

1597

Hazard Class

6.1

Packing Group

II

HS Code

2904 20 00