Cefpirome Property

storage temp. 

2-8°C(protect from light)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xi

Risk Statements 

36/37/38-42/43

Safety Statements 

22-26-36/37/39

Toxicity

LD50 in mice, rats (g/kg): 1.9-2.4, 1.9-2.15 i.v.; 3.8-4.2, 5.8-6.55 i.p. (Donaubauer, Mayer)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H335May cause respiratory irritation

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P301+P312IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

Cefpirome Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

This drug is resistant with respect to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases. Its spectrum of activity is analogous to that of the third-generation cephalosporin cefotaxime (32.1.2.56), although it is more active with respect to some staphylococci, enterococci, and also a few enterobacteria. Synonyms of this drug are cefrom, cedixen, and others.

Uses

Cephalosporin antibiotic Claforan

Definition

ChEBI: Cefpirome is a fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively. It is a cyclopentapyridine and a cephalosporin.

brand name

Cefrom (Hoechst-Roussel).

Antimicrobial activity

A semisynthetic aminothiazoyl cephalosporin formulated as the sulfate for parenteral administration. Activity against common pathogens is similar to that of cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, but it is more active against Ps. aeruginosa. Unlike other cephalosporins it exhibits activity against some strains of enterococci (MIC 4–16 mg/L), but this is of doubtful clinical benefit. It is generally very stable to β-lactamases. It is active against strains of Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., Hafnia spp., Providencia spp., Ser. marcescens and Pr. vulgaris producing molecular class C cephalosporinases. Sten. maltophilia is resistant.
A 1 g intramuscular injection produces a plasma concentration of 25 mg/L after 1.6–2.3 h. A similar intravenous dose achieves a peak concentration of 97 mg/L. The plasma half- life is 1.4–2.3 h and protein binding is around 10%. It is well distributed, achieving therapeutic concentrations in tissues and exudates. It penetrates poorly into CSF in the absence of meningeal inflammation, but concentrations around 2–4 mg/L have been found in patients with purulent meningitis.
Little, if any, of the drug is metabolized and most is excreted unchanged in the urine within 12 h, mainly by glomerular filtration. Clearance declines in proportion to renal function. Around 60% of the drug is removed in 3 h by hemodialysis. Low concentrations are found in breast milk.
Side effects are those common to other cephalosporins. Diarrhea is common and occasional cases of pseudomembranous colitis have been reported.
It is mainly used in the treatment of serious sepsis, particularly nosocomial infections in which resistant Gram-negative pathogens are known or suspected to be involved. It is not widely available, but is marketed in Japan.

Clinical Use

Cefpirome (Cefrom) is a newer parenteral, -lactamase–resistant cephalosporin with a quaternary ammonium groupat the 3-position of the cephem nucleus. Because its potencyagainst Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria rivals thatof the first-generation and third-generation cephalosporins,respectively, cefpirome is being touted as the first fourthgenerationcephalosporin. Its broad spectrum includesmethicillin-sensitive staphylococci, penicillin-resistantpneumococci, and β-lactamase–producing strains of E. coli,Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Serratia spp. Its efficacyagainst P. aeruginosa is comparable with that of ceftazidime.Cefpirome is excreted largely unchanged in the urine with ahalf-life of 2 hours.

Synthesis

Cefpirome, {6R-[6α,7β(Z)]}-1-[(7-{[(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-(methoximino) acetyl]amino}-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl)methyl- 1-methyl]pyrrolidine chloride (32.1.2.100), is also synthesized by methods described for synthesizing third-generation cephalosporins, in particular, ceftazidime (32.1.2.82).