Structure Gene, mRNA, and precursor Synthesis and release Receptors Agonists Clinical implications
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glucagon-like peptide 1

Structure Gene, mRNA, and precursor Synthesis and release Receptors Agonists Clinical implications
Product Name
glucagon-like peptide 1
CAS No.
89750-14-1
Chemical Name
glucagon-like peptide 1
Synonyms
glucagon-like peptide 1
CBNumber
CB41395123
Molecular Formula
C149H226N40O45
Formula Weight
3297.62974
MOL File
89750-14-1.mol
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glucagon-like peptide 1 Property

Sequence
H-His-Ala-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Val-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Gly-Gln-Ala-Ala-Lys-Glu-Phe-Ile-Ala-Trp-Leu-Val-Lys-Gly-Arg-NH2
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Usbiological
Product number
G2040-13P
Product name
Glucagon Like Peptide 1
Packaging
1mg
Price
$297
Updated
2021/12/16
Usbiological
Product number
G2040-36G
Product name
Glucagon Like Peptide 1
Packaging
10ug
Price
$297
Updated
2021/12/16
Usbiological
Product number
G2040-36D
Product name
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Packaging
1mg
Price
$322
Updated
2021/12/16
Usbiological
Product number
G2040-13A
Product name
Glucagon-like Peptide 1
Packaging
1mg
Price
$368
Updated
2021/12/16
Usbiological
Product number
G2040-36F
Product name
Glucagon-like Peptide 1
Packaging
1mg
Price
$496
Updated
2021/12/16
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glucagon-like peptide 1 Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Structure

GLP-1 is a 31-aa peptide hormone and is secreted from intestinal endocrine L cells in two major molecular forms, GLP-1(7–37) and GLP-1(7–36)-amide. Amidation is not always important for its biological activity, and these two molecular forms have similar biological activities. The majority of circulating GLP-1 is found to be GLP-1(7–36) amide, with lesser amounts of GLP-1 (7–37). GLP-1 shares a highly conserved alanine at position 9 with GIP and GLP-2, making these peptides ideal substrates for dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4).

Gene, mRNA, and precursor

The human proglucagon gene, GCG, location 2q36– q37, spans approximately 9.4 kb and comprises six exons and five introns. It encodes a preproglucagon of 180 aa residues that contains glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2. The expression of proglucagon has been reported in pancreatic α cells, intestinal L cells, and the brain.

Synthesis and release

Glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2 are processed from proglucagon in pancreatic α cells and intestinal L cells in a tissue-specific manner. Prohormone convertases (PCs) are responsible for the tissue-specific processing. Glucagon is liberated from pancreatic α cells by PC2, wherea GLP-1 and GLP-2 are liberated from the intestinal L cells by PC1/3. As a result, GLP-1 and GLP-2 are coreleased in a 1:1 ratio following nutrient ingestion. The secretion of GLP-1 is stimulated by nutrients such as lipids and carbohydrates. In addition, several hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK), GIP, and somatostatin as well as numerous neuromediators regulate GLP-1 secretion. Insulin has been reported to inhibit GLP-1 release, indicating a feedback regulation of GLP-1 secretion.

Receptors

The receptor of GLP-1 (GLP1R) is a seventransmembrane GPCR that belongs to a subclass of the family B. The GLP-1 receptor was first identified by ligand binding experiments and measurements of cyclic AMP accumulation using the rat insulinoma cell line. The human GLP-1 receptor gene, GLP1R, is located on chromosome 6 (6p21). The GLP-1 receptor contains a large hydrophilic extracellular domain and seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains. In addition, the GLP-1 receptor has three potential N-linked glycosylation sites, and glycosylation may modulate the receptor function.

Agonists

Exendin-4 (subsequently renamed exenatide, the first FDA approved “incretin mimetic”), Liraglutide (a longacting DPP-4-resistant GLP-1 receptor agonist), CJC-1131 (a GLP-1 analog engineered for covalent coupling to albumin), Albiglutide (originally referred to as albugon, a recombinant human albumin-GLP-1 protein), ZP10 (an exendin-4 derivative), BIM51077 (subsequently renamed taspoglutide), LY315902 (a DPP-4-resistant GLP-1 analog), LY2428757 (a pegylated GLP-1), LY2199265 (Dulaglutide, an Fc immunoglobulin fusion protein), Semaglutide (a synthetic peptide similar to GLP-1), Lixisenatide (a synthetic peptide similar to exandin-4), and Tirzepatide (LY3298176, a dual agonist of GIP and GLP-1 receptors).

Clinical implications

GLP and GIP have implications in the following diseases and conditions:
Diabetes: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a severely reduced or absent incretin effect. The incretin defect is due to the nearly complete loss of the insulinotropic effect of GIP, whereas the secretion of GIP is normal. In contrast to GIP, GLP-1 was found to retain its insulinotropic effect in patients, and this fact provides part of the background for the clinical use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in diabetes treatment.
Obesity: A role for GLP-1 in the development of obesity was suggested partly because of the apparent physiological effects of GLP-1 on appetite and food intake, and reduced GLP-1 secretion in obesity.
Dumping syndrome: If food reaches the distal intestine very rapidly, for example, after gastrectomy, an exaggerated plasma concentration of GLP-1 may lead to hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia.

Description

GLP-1 stimulates pancreatic β cells to secrete insulin as an incretin hormone. GLP-1 also has additional actions, including suppression of glucagon secretion, inhibition of gastric motility, and promotion of satiety. GLP-1 was first identified in the early 1980s, following the cloning of the proglucagon gene. The biological activity of GLP-1 was investigated initially by using the N-terminal extended forms of GLP-1(1–37 and 1–36 amide). However, these forms were devoid of biological activity. In the late 1980s, bioactive GLP-1 peptides were purified from gut extracts and were identified to be GLP-1(7–37) and GLP-1(7–36)-amide. In the current literature, the unqualified designation of GLP-1 corresponds to the truncated peptides.

Biological Functions

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin, a natural peptide hormone secreted in response to food intake. Incretins have multiple physiological effects to lower blood sugar, including the stimulation of insulin release and the inhibition of glucagon release following meals.

Clinical Use

GLP-1 enhances glucose-stimulated insulin release. GLP-1 agonists are resistant to degradation by DPP-4; thus these agonists are used clinically for the treatment of diabetes. DPP-4 inhibitors are also acceptable for use in diabetes patients because GLP-1 is rapidly deactivated by DPP-4.

glucagon-like peptide 1 Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

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glucagon-like peptide 1 Suppliers

Nanjing Leon Biological Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
17705183659
Fax
84523390
Email
sales@njleonbiotech.com
Country
China
ProdList
5501
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55
Nanjing Peptide Biotech Ltd.
Tel
025-025-58361106-805-805 13082558573
Fax
025-58361106-806
Email
liugang@njpeptide.com
Country
China
ProdList
9979
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55
Chengdu Youngshe Chemical Co., Ltd.
Tel
+86-17380623303 +86-17380623303
Fax
028-62328193
Email
Caroline@youngshechem.com
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China
ProdList
4847
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Shanghai Han-Xiang Chemical Co., Ltd.
Tel
15971444841
Fax
18327183813
Email
amber@biochempartner.com
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China
ProdList
3061
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58
BOC Sciences
Tel
16314854226; +16314854226
Email
inquiry@bocsci.com
Country
United States
ProdList
19741
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58
Hebei Yanxi Chemical Co., Ltd.
Tel
+8617531190177
Email
peter@yan-xi.com
Country
China
ProdList
5858
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58
Hangzhou Go Top Peptide Biotech
Tel
0571-88211921
Email
sales1@gotopbio.com
Country
CHINA
ProdList
2609
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58
Hangzhou Xinhai Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
0571-86758863 13867485072
Fax
0571-86758863
Email
lulu@thinheal.com
Country
China
ProdList
302
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58
Hangzhou Go Top Peptide Biotech
Tel
0571-88211921 13355716090
Email
Sales@gotopbio.com
Country
China
ProdList
2857
Advantage
58
Wuhan Topule
Tel
+86-02787215551 +86-19945035818
Fax
027-87215551
Email
2936752263@qq.com
Country
China
ProdList
7982
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View Lastest Price from glucagon-like peptide 1 manufacturers

Zibo Hangyu Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd
Product
Glucagon-like peptide 1 89750-14-1
Price
US $95.00-950.00/kg
Min. Order
10kg
Purity
0.99
Supply Ability
20tons
Release date
2023-11-30
Shanghai Likang New Materials Co., Limited
Product
GLP-1 89750-14-1
Price
US $100.00-95.00/box
Min. Order
1box
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
1kg
Release date
2024-05-28
Shanghai Getian Industrial Co., LTD
Product
glucagon-like peptide 1 89750-14-1
Price
US $25.00/box
Min. Order
1box
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
20000
Release date
2024-04-11