ChemicalBook > CAS DataBase List > β-Carotene

β-Carotene

Product Name
β-Carotene
CAS No.
7235-40-7
Chemical Name
β-Carotene
Synonyms
β-carotene;Carotene;B-CAROTENE;Daucene;Karotin;PROVITAMIN A;β-Carotene Beadlet;C40H56;SOLATENE;Betacarotin
CBNumber
CB4148267
Molecular Formula
C40H56
Formula Weight
536.89
MOL File
7235-40-7.mol
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β-Carotene Property

Melting point:
178-179 °C
Boiling point:
644.94°C (rough estimate)
Density 
1.000
vapor pressure 
0.004Pa at 25℃
refractive index 
1.5630 (estimate)
Flash point:
103 °C
storage temp. 
-20°C
solubility 
hexane: 100 μg/mL, soluble
form 
powder
color 
red to purple
Water Solubility 
Soluble in hexane, dimethyl sulfoxide, benzene, chloroform, cyclohexane. Insoluble in water.
Sensitive 
Air & Light Sensitive
Merck 
14,1853
BRN 
1917416
Stability:
Stable, but sensitive to air, heat and light. Store at -20C under nitrogen. Pyrophoric - may ignite spontaneously in air at room temperature.
InChIKey
OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N
LogP
6.5 at 40℃ and pH6.5
CAS DataBase Reference
7235-40-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference
«beta» Carotene(7235-40-7)
EPA Substance Registry System
.beta.,.beta.-Carotene (7235-40-7)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
Xn
Risk Statements 
44-36/37/38-20/21/22
Safety Statements 
7-15-18-36-26-24/25
WGK Germany 
1
RTECS 
FI0329500
F 
1-8-10-16
TSCA 
Yes
HS Code 
32030019
Hazardous Substances Data
7235-40-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Warning
Hazard statements

H252Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

Precautionary statements

P235+P410Keep cool. Protect from sunlight.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P321Specific treatment (see … on this label).

P332+P313IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.

P362Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

P407Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets.

P413Store bulk masses greater than … kg/…lbs at temperatures not exceeding … oC/…oF.

P420Store away from other materials.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
217538
Product name
β-Carotene - CAS 7235-40-7 - Calbiochem
Purity
VitaminAprecursor.
Packaging
1g
Price
$81.5
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
1065480
Product name
Beta Carotene
Purity
United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Packaging
7x100mg
Price
$436
Updated
2024/03/01
TCI Chemical
Product number
C0560
Product name
Beta Carotene
Purity
>97.0%(E)
Packaging
1g
Price
$32
Updated
2024/03/01
TCI Chemical
Product number
C0560
Product name
Beta Carotene
Purity
>97.0%(E)
Packaging
5g
Price
$94
Updated
2024/03/01
Alfa Aesar
Product number
H60106
Product name
Beta Carotene
Packaging
1g
Price
$30.7
Updated
2024/03/01
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β-Carotene Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

beta-Carotene is widely distributed in both plant and animal kingdoms and is the most important pro-vitamin A. In plants, it is almost always found with chlorophyll.

Chemical Properties

Yellow to orange solid.beta-Carotene is insoluble in water, but is available in water-dispersible, oil-dispersible and oil-soluble forms. It has the activity of vitamin A.

Physical properties

β-Carotene is a tetraterpene with 11 conjugated double bonds that give the molecule an orange color. It is a carotenoid compound that is present in large quantities in the human diet and subsequently is found in all human tissues, including blood. High temperature encourages the isomerization of the double bonds, which lightens the color. Absorption (blue) and fluorescence emission (red) spectra at four excitation wavelengths from β-carotene in hexane solvent at 23 °C are shown below.

Originator

Carotaben,Hermal,W. Germany,1975

Occurrence

Beta-carotene is available naturally in fruits and vegetables. Synthetically, it may be manufactured from fungi or algae.

Uses

Beta-carotene is a known antioxidant, and antioxidants are substances that may protect your cells from free radicals, which may play a role in heart disease, cancer and other diseases. beta-carotene is a coloring agent used in margarine, cheese and pudding to produce the desired color, and is also used as an additive to yellow-orange color. beta-carotene is also a precursor to carotenoids and vitamin A It is beneficial in protecting the skin from dryness and peeling. It also slows cognitive decline and is beneficial to human health.

Definition

ChEBI: A cyclic carotene obtained by dimerisation of all-trans-retinol. A strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruit and the most active and important provitamin A carotenoid.

Manufacturing Process

3.6 g (0.023 mol) of 3,8-dimethyl-3,5,7-decatrien-1,9-diyne were dissolved in 50 ml of absolute ether, and to the solution was added 0.05 mol of ethereal phenyl-lithium solution. The mixture was refluxed for 30 minutes. Then a solution of 11 g (0.05 mol) of 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-methyl- 2-buten-1-al in 100 ml of ether was added dropwise, and the reaction mixture was boiled for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was then hydrolyzed with aqueous ammonium acetate solution, and the ethereal layer was separated, dried and concentrated. The residue, i.e., 1,18-di(2,6,6-trimethyl-1- cyclohexen-1-yl)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-4,15-dihydroxy-2,7,9,11,16- octadecapentaen-5,13-diyne, was a resinous product (having 1.9 active hydrogen atoms and absorption maxima in the ultraviolet spectrum at 326 and 341 nm) which was used for the next step without any further purification. The resin was dissolved in 200 ml of methylene chloride, 10 ml of glacial acetic acid were added to the solution, and the mixture was cooled to - 40°C in a carbon dioxide atmosphere, while stirring. Then, 9 ml of aqueous hydrobromic acid (60%) were added in one portion, the mixture was stirred at -35°C for 1.5 minutes, and subsequently 200 ml of ice water were run into the mixture. After further stirring the mixture for 2 hours at 0°C, the methylene chloride layer was separated, washed with water and sodium bicarbonate solution, dried with Na2SO4 andconcentrated in vacuo. The residue, i.e., 11,12-11',12'-bisdehydro-betta-carotene, was a tough resin or a foamy solid (having no active hydrogen atoms and possessing absorption maxima in the ultraviolet spectrum at 334 and 408 nm). This product can be purified by chromatography. The crude product can also be used for the next step without any preliminary purification.
11.4 g of 11,12-11',12'-bisdehydro-β-carotene were dissolved in 100 ml of petroleum ether (boiling range 80° to100°C), and the solution was hydrogenated under normal conditions after the addition of 0.5 ml of quinoline and 5 g of a lead-poisoned palladium catalyst. After the calculated amount of hydrogen had been absorbed, the catalyst was removed by filtration and the filtrate was extracted with dilute sulfuric acid to remove the quinoline. By concentrating the solution in the usual manner there was obtained 11,12- 11',12'-di-cis-carotene. The product was purified by recrystallization from benzene-alcohol. The purified product melts at 154°C; absorption maxima in the ultraviolet spectrum at 276, 334, 338, 401 and 405 nm. The isomerization was effected by heating the product for 10 hours at 90 to 100°C in high-boiling petroleum ether in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. The resulting and carotene melted at 180°C; ultraviolet absorption maxima at 452 and 480 nm.
Preparation of the intermediates for the above chemical synthesis are also described in US. Patent 2,917,539. The other patents cited below describe a fermentation route. US Patent 2,848,508 describes preparation from carrots.

brand name

BetaVit (BASF); Lucaratin (BASF); Solatene (Hoffmann-LaRoche).

Therapeutic Function

Vitamin A precursor, Sunscreen agent

General Description

beta-Carotene is an antioxidant and is one of the most important carotenoids and a source of vitamin A. It is abundantly present in fruits and vegetables which is also used as a food supplement and a colorant.

Biochem/physiol Actions

The most important of the provitamins A, β-carotene can be classified as an antioxidant due to its inhibition of radical initiated peroxidation in vitro. However, in vivo it appears to act either as an antioxidant or a prooxidant depending on cellular environment. It reduces the incidence of many cancers, but enhances lung cancer incidence in smokers.

Side effects

Side effects from β-Carotene include: Skin discoloration (yellowing that eventually goes away); Loose stools; Bruising; Joint pain.

Safety Profile

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Source

The richest sources of β-Carotene are yellow, orange, and green leafy fruits and vegetables (such as carrots, spinach, lettuce, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, broccoli, cantaloupe, and winter squash). In general, the more intense the color of the fruit or vegetable, the more beta-carotene it has.

Purification Methods

It forms purple prisms when crystallised from *C6H6/MeOH and red rhombs from pet ether. Its solubility in hexane is 0.1% at 0o. It is oxygen sensitive and should be stored under N2 at -20o in the dark. It gives a deep blue colour with λmax at 590nm when mixed with SbCl3 in CHCl3. UV: (*C6H6) 429infl, max at 454 and 484nm. The principal peak at 454nm has 1cm 1% 2000. [Synthesis: Surmatis & Ofner J Org Chem 26 1171 1961; Milas et al. J Am Chem Soc 72 4844 1950.] β-Carotene is also purified by column chromatography (Al2O3 activity I-II). It is dissolved in pet ether/*C6H6 (10:1), applied to the column and eluted with pet ether/EtOH; the desired fraction is evaporated and the residue is recrystallised from *C6H6/MeOH (violet-red plates). [UV: Inhoffen et al. Justus Liebigs Ann Chem 570 54, 68 1950; Review: Fleming Selected Organic Synthesis (J Wiley, Lond) pp. 70-74 1973.] Alternatively it can be purified by chromatography on a magnesia column, thin layer of Kieselguhr or magnesia. Crystallise it from CS2/MeOH, Et2O/pet ether, acetone/pet ether or toluene/MeOH. Store it in the dark, under an inert atmosphere, at -20o. Recrystallise it also from 1:1 EtOH/CHCl3. [Bobrowski & Das J Phys Chem 89 5079 1985, Johnston & Scaiano J Am Chem Soc 1 0 8 2349 1986, Strain J Biol Chem 105 523 1934, Meth Biochem Anal 4 1 1957, Beilstein 5 II 638, 5 III 2453, 5 IV 2617.]

β-Carotene Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Tripod centrifuge CAROTENOID MIXED STANDARD 500UL(SH) Emulsion stabilizer CAPSAICIN/CAPSICUM Silica gel 1-Hexene Cyclohexene Phenyllithium PASSION FLOWER OIL 1-Tridecene Carbon dioxide 2-Methyl-2-butene Yeast extract Ionone

Preparation Products

Canthaxanthin TRANS-BETA-APO-8′-CAROTENAL
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β-Carotene Suppliers

Americas 1 Argentina 1 Australia 2 Belgium 4 Brazil 2 Canada 6 China 527 China Hong Kong 1 Czech Republic 1 Denmark 1 Egypt 2 Europe 4 France 5 Germany 14 Hungary 1 India 85 Indonesia 1 Italy 3 Japan 6 Norway 1 Poland 3 Singapore 1 South Korea 1 Spain 7 Switzerland 5 Thailand 1 The Netherlands 2 Turkey 2 United Kingdom 22 United States 77 Global 789
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View Lastest Price from β-Carotene manufacturers

Sinoway Industrial co., ltd.
Product
Beta-Carotene 7235-40-7
Price
US $0.00/Kg/Bag
Min. Order
2Kg/Bag
Purity
99% up, High Density
Supply Ability
20 tons
Release date
2024-04-08
HEBEI SHENGSUAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO.,LTD
Product
β-Carotene 7235-40-7
Price
US $500.00-300.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
5000
Release date
2024-08-23
Jinan Finer Chemical Co., Ltd
Product
beta-Carotene 7235-40-7
Price
US $0.00/Kg/Bag
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
1%,10%,20%,96%
Supply Ability
2000mt
Release date
2021-11-24

7235-40-7, β-CaroteneRelated Search:

trans,trans-2,4-Undecadienal (3R,3R')-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diyl dipalmitate Fucoxanthin ω,ω-Carotene, 2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31-Octamethyl-dotriaconta-2,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,30-tridecaene all-trans-a-Carotene,Carotene,R(+)-alpha-Carotene,α-Carotene solution,-Carotene(natural),(6'R)-b,e-Carotene,TRANSALPHA-CAROTENE,ALPHA/BETA-CAROTENE MIX beta-Carotene-4,4'-diol dipalmitate,beta-Carotene-4,4'-diol dipalmitate Caricaxanthin, Hydroxy-β-carotene ,-Carotene-4,4'-dione,BETA,BETA-CAROTENE-4,4'-DIONE,all-trans,beta-carotene-4,4’-dion (3R,3’R)-Dihydroxy--carotene,all-trans--Carotene-3,3’-diol,b,b-Carotene-3,3'-diol, (3R,3'R),BETA,BETA-CAROTENE-3,3'-DIOL,(3R,3'R)-beta,beta-Carotene-3,3'-diol 3,3'-dihydro-beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione ,3,3'-DIHYDROXY-B,B-CAROTENE-4,4'-DIONE Methylglyoxal 1,1-dimethyl acetal α-Carotene-3,3μ-diol, β, ε-carotene-3,3μ-diol, β, ε-carotene, Lutein,6'-Hydro-4',5'-dehydro-b-carotene-3,3'-diol,β,ε-Carotene-3,3'-diol,(3R,3'R,6'R)- Astaxanthin NeoB-beta-Carotene 5,6-epoxy-beta,beta-carotene ZETA-CAROTENE decapreno-beta-carotene β-Carotene

  • SOLATENE
  • PROVITAMIN A1
  • PROVITAMIN A
  • TRANS-B-CAROTENE
  • TRANS-BETA-CAROTENE
  • (all-E)-1,1'-(3,7,12,16-Tetramethyl-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octadecanonaene-1,18-diyl)bis(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexene)
  • 1,1’-(3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octadecanonaene-cyclohexen
  • 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-Octadecanonene,3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-1,18-cyclohex-1-ene,2,6,6-trimethyl-
  • 6-trimethyl-18-diyl)bis((all-e)-6
  • all-E-beta-Carotene
  • all-trans-beta-caroten
  • All-trans-beta-Carotene
  • beta-Carotene, all-trans-
  • BetaVit
  • C.I. 75130
  • c.i.75130
  • Carotaben
  • CAROTENE, beta
  • Cyclohexene, 1,1'-(3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octadecanonaene-1,1 8-diyl)bis*2,6,6-trimethyl-, (all-E)-
  • BETA CAROTENE NATURAL
  • B-CAROTENE
  • CAROTENE TYPE II
  • CAROTENE TYPE I
  • CAROTENE, B-
  • Beta-caroten
  • BETA-CAROTENE, ~1600 U/MG
  • TRANS-B-CAROTENE, TYPE I, SYNTHETIC
  • B-CAROTENE TYPE II SYNTHETIC
  • Beta-Carotene,Crystalline
  • beta,beta-all-trans-Carotene
  • beta-Carotene,naturalvegetableOilSolution
  • beta-Carotene,naturaldry,waterdispersable
  • beta-Carotene,natural,crystal
  • BETA-CAROTENE,10%,POWDER
  • (1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-1,18-bis(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaene
  • CAROTENE, B-(SH)
  • BETA-CAROTENESUPPLEMENTS
  • RETRODEHYDRO-BETA-CAROTENE
  • DUNALIELLACAROTENE
  • CAROTENES(VEGETABLE)
  • BETA-CAROTENEEXTRACTSFROMALGAE
  • CAROTENES(ALGAE)
  • CARROTPIGMENT
  • ALGALBETA-CAROTENE
  • BETA-CAROTENEFROMBLAKESLEATRISPORA
  • 15-CIS-BETA-CAROTENE
  • FOODORANGE5
  • ALL-TRANS-BETA-CARROTENE
  • 9-CIS-BETA-CAROTENE
  • Cyclohexene, 1,1'-(3,7,12,16-Tetramethyl-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octadecanonaene-1,18-diyl)bis(2,6,6-trimethyl-(all-e)-
  • C.I.Food Orange 5
  • β-Carotine
  • trans-$-Carotene,96%
  • beta-Carotene,99%
  • beta-Carotene,95%
  • Carotin
  • Provitanin A
  • C40H56