PENITREM A Property

Melting point:

238°C

Density 

1.0241 (rough estimate)

refractive index 

1.6000 (estimate)

storage temp. 

2-8°C

solubility 

Soluble in DMSO (up to 6 mg/ml)

form 

White solid.

pka

13.22±0.70(Predicted)

color 

Amorphous solid

Stability:

Stable for 1 year from date of purchase as supplied. Solutions in DMSO may be stored at -20°C for up to 3 months.

Safety

Hazard Codes 

T+,T

Risk Statements 

26/27/28

Safety Statements 

36/37/39-45

RIDADR 

UN 2811 6.1/PG 2

WGK Germany 

3

RTECS 

RY7535000

HazardClass 

6.1(a)

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

29349990

Toxicity

LD50 orl-mus: 10 mg/kg 41KEAL -,108,78

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H300Fatal if swallowed

PENITREM A Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

Penitrem A (12627-35-9) is a fungal mycotoxin that acts as a selective, irreversible blocker of the smooth muscle high conductance Ca2+-activated K+?(BK, KCa1.1) channel (100% block at 10 nM).1?Displays brain neurotoxicity in rats along with dose-dependent convulsions and death.2?An important tool for studying the role of BK channels in vascular function which is effective in cellular, tissue and?in vivo?experiments.3?Inhibits BK channels in inside-out and cell-attached patches, whereas iberiotoxin (considered the gold standard BK channel blocker) does not.3?May be used to partially ablate Purkinje cells in immature rat cerebellum providing a model for neural stem cell transplantation studies.4

Chemical Properties

Solid

Occurrence

A series of closely related metabolites of Penicillium crustosum has recently been isolated and the components separated chromatographically. Penitrem A forms colourless crystals from EtOH.

Uses

Penitrem A has been used as Ca²⁺-Activated K⁺ (BK) channel blocker to study its effect on BK current in bag cell neurons.

Uses

Penitrem A is a tremorgenic mycotoxin isolated from Penicillium species. Penitrem A is a selective blocker of high-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium channels.

Definition

ChEBI: Penitrem A is an organooxygen compound and an organic heterotricyclic compound.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Penitrem A intoxication causes ataxia, polypnea, and sustained tremors and may lead to seizures and death. Penitrem A affects the central and peripheral nervous system. It impairs the GABAergic neurotransmission in the cerebellum.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. An experimental teratogen. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Clí and NOx.

storage

-20°C

References

References/Citations: