Iodine trichloride Property

Melting point:

~33°; mp 101° at 16 atm (pressure of its satd vapor)

Density 

3.12 g/cm3 (20℃)

vapor pressure 

1.3 hPa (64 °C)

storage temp. 

Store at <= 20°C.

solubility 

Soluble with decomposition.

form 

yellow triclinic crystals

color 

yellow triclinic crystals, crystalline; hygroscopic

Water Solubility 

decomposes in H2O; soluble alcohol, benzene [HAW93]

Sensitive 

Light Sensitive

Merck 

13,5042

CAS DataBase Reference

865-44-1(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

iodine chloride(865-44-1)

EPA Substance Registry System

Iodine chloride (ICl3) (865-44-1)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

C,T,O

Risk Statements 

34-9

Safety Statements 

26-36/37/39-45

RIDADR 

UN 3085 5.1/PG 2

WGK Germany 

3

F 

8-10

TSCA 

Yes

HazardClass 

8

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

28121099

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H290May be corrosive to metals

H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damage

H335May cause respiratory irritation

Precautionary statements

P234Keep only in original container.

P260Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

Iodine trichloride Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Uses

Iodine trichloride is used in organic synthesis as a chlorinating and iodinating agent to introduce chlorine and iodine into organic compounds producing their halogen derivatives. It also is used as a topical antiseptic.

Preparation

Iodine trichloride is prepared by adding iodine to liquid chlorine in a stoichiometric amount:
3Cl2 + I2 → 2ICl3

Reactions

Iodine trichloride decomposes on heating at 77°C, forming iodine monochloride and chlorine:
ICl3 →ICl + Cl2
It dissolves in concentrated hydrochloric acid , forming HICl4•4H2O:
ICl3 + HCl + 4H2O → HICl4•4H2O
Iodine trichloride hydrolyzes in water or dilute acids, the products depending upon reaction conditions. This reaction usually is similar to iodine monochloride:
4ICl3 + 6H2O → I2 + 6HCl + 2HIO3 + 3Cl2
It combines with potassium chloride, forming a complex salt, KICl4:
ICl3 + KCl → KICl4
Reaction with acetylene produces chlorovinyl iododichloride, containing two active chlorine atoms attached to the iodine atom:
ICl3 + HC≡CH → ClCH=CHICl2
The above product has many applications in chemical synthesis.

Toxicity

Iodine trichloride is highly corrosive. Contact with skin can cause a burn. Vapors are highly irritating to eyes and respiratory tract.

Chemical Properties

Orange-yellow, deliquescent, crystalline powder; pungent irritating odor. Soluble in water (with decomposition), alcohol, and benzene.

Physical properties

Orange yellow triclinic crystals or fluffy powder; hygroscopic; density 3.111g/cm³at 15°C; sublimes at 64°C with decomposition; melts at 101°C at 16 atm;hydrolyzes in water; soluble in ethanol, carbon tetrachloride and benzene; soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid but hydrolyzes in dilute acid.

Uses

Iodine trichloride can be used to introduce iodine and chlorine in organic synthesis. It is also used as topical antiseptic and as laboratory reagent.

Uses

Iodine trichloride is used as a chlorinatingand oxidizing agent.

Uses

Chlorinating and oxidizing agent.

Hazard

Toxic by ingestion and inhalation, corrosive to tissue.

Health Hazard

Iodine trichloride is a highly corrosive sub stance. Skin contact can cause burn. Vaporsare irritating to the skin, eyes, and mucousmembranes. When heated at 77°C (170°F),it decomposes to chlorine and iodine mono chloride.

Fire Hazard

Noncombustible solid. Violent reaction oc curs with potassium. It reacts violently when heated with sodium, aluminum, phosphorus, phosphorus trichloride, or organic matter.

Purification Methods

Purify ICl3 by sublimation at room temperature. Irritant vapours. [Booth & Morris Inorg Synth I 167 1939.]