TROLEANDOMYCIN Property

Melting point:

170 °C

alpha 

D25 -23° (methanol)

Boiling point:

757°C (rough estimate)

Density 

1.1651 (rough estimate)

refractive index 

1.6220 (estimate)

storage temp. 

0-6°C

solubility 

Soluble in DMSO (up to 50 mg/ml) or in Ethanol (up to 25 mg/ml).

form 

White solid.

pka

6.6(at 25℃)

color 

White

Water Solubility 

0.25g/L(28 ºC)

Merck 

13,9839

Stability:

Stable for 2 years as supplied. Solutions in DMSO or ethanol may be stored at -20° for up to 3 months.

Safety

Hazard Codes 

Xi

Risk Statements 

36/37/38

Safety Statements 

22-24/25-36-26

WGK Germany 

2

RTECS 

RJ9900000

F 

8

Toxicity

LD50 oral in mouse: > 5gm/kg

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H332Harmful if inhaled

Precautionary statements

P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P304+P340IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P312Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.

P321Specific treatment (see … on this label).

P332+P313IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.

P362Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

TROLEANDOMYCIN Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

Troleandomycin (2751-09-9) is a macrolide antibiotic. Inhibits cytochrome P450 (IC50 = 0-5 μM), thus blocking CYP450-dependent drug oxidation.

Uses

Troleandomycin, is a macrolide antibiotic, sold in Italy and Turkey. It is a derivative of Oleandomycin (O517500), and acts as a CYP3A4 inhibitor, which may cause drug interactions .

Uses

Antibacterial.

Definition

ChEBI: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.

brand name

Tao (Pfizer).

General Description

Triacetyloleandomycin was synthesized by Pfizer Research Laboratories in 1958. It shows a higher and longer-lasting serum level than oleandomycin when administered orally. Triacetyloleandomycin behaves as oleandomycin in vivo, following its hydrolysis by intestinal esterase. However, considerable amounts of the intermediates, the monoacetates and diacetates, are detected in the serum and urine. Prolonged use of triacetyloleandomycin causes damage to the liver as does erythromycin estolate.

Clinical Use

Oleandomycin contains three hydroxyl groups that aresubject to acylation, one in each of the sugars and one in theoleandolide. The triacetyl derivative retains the in vivo antibacterialactivity of the parent antibiotic but possesses superiorpharmacokinetic properties. It is hydrolyzed in vivo tooleandomycin. Troleandomycin achieves more rapid andhigher plasma concentrations following oral administrationthan oleandomycin phosphate, and it has the additionaladvantage of being practically tasteless. Troleandomycinoccurs as a white, crystalline solid that is nearly insoluble inwater. It is relatively stable in the solid state but undergoeschemical degradation in either aqueous acidic or alkalineconditions.
Because the antibacterial spectrum of activity of oleandomycinis considered inferior to that of erythromycin, thepharmacokinetics of troleandomycin have not been studiedextensively. Oral absorption is apparently good, and detectableblood levels of oleandomycin persist up to 12 hoursafter a 500-mg dose of troleandomycin. Approximately 20%is recovered in the urine, with most excreted in the feces, primarilyas a result of biliary excretion. There is some epigastricdistress following oral administration, with an incidencesimilar to that caused by erythromycin. Troleandomycin isthe most potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes of thecommercially available macrolides. It may potentiate the hepatictoxicity of certain anti-inflammatory steroids and oralcontraceptive drugs as well as the toxic effects of theophylline,carbamazepine, and triazolam. Several allergic reactions,including cholestatic hepatitis, have also been reportedwith the use of troleandomycin.
Approved medical indications for troleandomycin arecurrently limited to the treatment of upper respiratory infectionscaused by such organisms as S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae.It may be considered an alternative to oral forms oferythromycin. It is available in capsules and as a suspension.

References

References/Citations 1) Patki et al. (2004), Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 by seven inhibitors; Clin. Pharmacol. Therap., 75 P83 2) Kozlov et al. (2003), Various intracellular compartments cooperate in the release of nitric oxide from glycerol trinitrate in liver; Br. J. Pharmacol., 139 989 3) Ludden et al. (1985), Pharmacokinetic interactions of the macrolide antibiotics; Clin. Pharmacokinet., 10 63