2,2,3-TRIMETHYLBUTANE Property

Melting point:

−25 °C(lit.)

Boiling point:

80.9 °C(lit.)

Density 

0.69 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor pressure 

3.37 psi ( 37.7 °C)

refractive index 

n20/D 1.389(lit.)

Flash point:

20 °F

form 

Liquid

color 

Clear colorless

explosive limit

~7%

Water Solubility 

4.38mg/L at 25℃

BRN 

1730756

Dielectric constant

1.9（20℃）

LogP

3.59

CAS DataBase Reference

464-06-2(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

2,2,3-Trimethylbutane (464-06-2)

Safety

Hazard Codes 

F,Xn,N

Risk Statements 

11-38-50/53-65-67

Safety Statements 

9-16-29-33-60-61-62

RIDADR 

UN 1206 3/PG 2

WGK Germany 

1

Autoignition Temperature

842 °F

HazardClass 

3.1

PackingGroup 

II

HS Code 

29011000

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H225Highly Flammable liquid and vapour

H304May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways

H315Causes skin irritation

H336May cause drowsiness or dizziness

H410Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statements

P210Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking.

P233Keep container tightly closed.

P273Avoid release to the environment.

P301+P310IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.

P303+P361+P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.

P331Do NOT induce vomiting.

2,2,3-TRIMETHYLBUTANE Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

2,2,3-Trimethylbutane (i.e., triptane) is a potential gasoline octane booster with a research octane number (RON) of 112. it is also used as a fuel additive and in comparative rate of thermal decomposition (CRTD) single-pulse surge tube studies^[1-2].

Chemical Properties

Colorless liquid. Soluble in alcohol; insoluble in water.

Uses

Organic synthesis, aviation fuel.

Preparation

2,2,3-Trimethylbutane (triptane) selectively forms from dimethyl ether at low temperatures on acid zeolites^[3].
We report herein the first selective catalytic conversion of DME to triptane on halide-free catalysts, specifically on crystalline solid acids, at much lower reaction temperatures (453–493 K) and higher DME pressures (60–250 kPa) than in established methanol/DME to hydrocarbon processes. Low temperatures avoid intervening skeletal isomerization and b-scission of triptyl chains or their precursors. These processes would otherwise occur before the methylation events that form the C7 chains containing the triptane backbone, which desorb irreversibly as triptane.

Synthesis Reference(s)

Tetrahedron Letters, 21, p. 3151, 1980 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)77432-6

Hazard

Flammable, moderate fire risk.

References

[1] NOUR ATEF. Chemical kinetic study of triptane (2,2,3-trimethylbutane) as an anti-knock additive[J]. Combustion and Flame, 2019. DOI:10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.09.006.
[2] TSANG W. Comparative rate single-pulse shock tube studies on the thermal decomposition of cyclohexene, 2,2,3-trimethylbutane, isopropyl bromide, and ethylcyclobutane[J]. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 1970. DOI:10.1002/kin.550020406.
[3] JOHN?H. AHN; Enrique I Prof; Burcin Temel Dr. Selective Homologation Routes to 2,2,3-Trimethylbutane on Solid Acids?[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2009. DOI:10.1002/anie.200900541.