Potassium Bitartrate Property

Melting point:

267°C (dec.)

alpha 

32.5 º (c=10, 1N NaOH)

Boiling point:

318℃[at 101 325 Pa]

Density 

1.954 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor pressure 

30.69hPa at 25.2℃

Flash point:

210℃

storage temp. 

Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature

solubility 

5.7g/l

form 

Crystals or Powder

Specific Gravity

1.954

color 

Colorless opaque or white

PH

3.4-3.7 (H2O, 20℃)(saturated solution)

Odor

Odorless

PH Range

3.4 - 3.7 at 20 °C

optical activity

[α]20/D +8.0 to +9.2°

Water Solubility 

Soluble in water and dilute mineral acid. Insoluble in alcohol.

Merck 

14,7615

BRN 

6119985

Stability:

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

LogP

-5.14

CAS DataBase Reference

868-14-4(CAS DataBase Reference)

EPA Substance Registry System

Potassium bitartrate (868-14-4)

Safety

Safety Statements 

24/25

WGK Germany 

1

RTECS 

WW8223000

TSCA 

Yes

HS Code 

29181300

Hazardous Substances Data

868-14-4(Hazardous Substances Data)

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)

Signal word

Warning

Hazard statements

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

Precautionary statements

P264Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

P264Wash skin thouroughly after handling.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

P302+P352IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.

P305+P351+P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.

P332+P313IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.

P337+P313IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.

Potassium Bitartrate Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

L (+)-Potassium hydrogen tartrate (also known as potassium bitartrate) is the potassiumacid salt of tartaric acid (a carboxylic acid). It is the byproduct during the winemaking process. It can be used in baking or as a cleaning solution. When mixed with an acidic liquid such as lemon juice or white vinegar, it can be made of a paste-like cleaning agent for metals or some other cleaning applications. It can also be used as a pH buffer component in chemistry. It has been recently shown that it is capable of treating breast cancer.

Approved by the FDA as a direct food substance, potassium bitartrate is used as an additive, stabilizer, pH control agent, antimicrobial agent, processing aid, or thickener in various food products. Potassium bitartrate has a long history of medical use as a laxative administered as a rectal suppository and is an approved third-class OTC drug in Japan. Potassium bitartrate was one of active ingredients in Phexxi, a non-hormonal contraceptive agent that was approved by the FDA on May 2020.

Chemical Properties

Potassium Bitartrate, or tartar, is a salt produced from the crystalsfound on the sides of wine casks. When purified it is known as cream oftartar. It is acid, and is slightly soluble in water.It is used in baking powder, for medicine, and as an acid and buffer in foods.

Chemical Properties

Potassium bitartrate, also known as potassium hydrogen tartrate, has formula KC₄H₅O₆, is a byproduct of winemaking. In cooking it is known as cream of tartar. It is the potassium acid salt of tartaric acid, a carboxylic acid.

Occurrence

Potassium bitartrate crystallizes in wine casks during the fermentation of grape juice, and can precipitate out of wine in bottles.The crystals (wine diamonds) will often form on the underside of a cork in wine-filled bottles that have been stored at temperatures below 10°C , and will seldom, if ever, dissolve naturally into the wine.
These crystals also precipitate out of fresh grape juice that has been chilled or allowed to stand for some time. To prevent crystals forming in homemade grape jam or jelly, fresh grape juice should be chilled overnight to promote crystallisation. The potassium bitartrate crystals are removed by filtering through two layers of cheesecloth. The filtered juice may then be made into jam or jelly. In some cases they adhere to the side of the chilled container, making filtering unnecessary.
The crude form (known as beeswing) is collected and purified to produce the white, odorless, acidic powder used for many culinary and other household purposes.

Uses

Largely in baking powders; coloring metals, galvanic tinning of metals; reducer of CrO3 in mordants for wool.

Uses

Potassium L-tartrate monobasic may be used as a reductant during the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles in the presence of linear polymers as protective agents.

Uses

Potassium hydrogen tartrate [pH(S) = 3.63₉ / pH(S) = 3.55₇ (25 °C)] is a certified secondary standard reference buffer used as a calibration buffer standard for pH instruments or pH electrodes.

Application

In food
In food, potassium bitartrate is used for:
Stabilizing egg whites, increasing their heat tolerance and volume
Stabilizing whipped cream, maintaining its texture and volume
Preventing sugar syrups from crystallising
Reducing discolouration of boiled vegetables
Thickening Tartar sauce
Additionally it is used as a component of: Baking powder, as an acid ingredient to activate baking soda Sodium-free salt substitutes, in combination with potassium chloride
A similar acid salt, sodium acid pyrophosphate, can be confused with cream of tartar because of their common function as a component of baking powder.
House hold use
Potassium bitartrate can be mixed with an acidic liquid such as lemon juice or white vinegar to make a paste - like cleaning agent for metals such as brass, aluminum or copper, or with water for other cleaning applications such as removing light stains from porcelain.
This mixture is sometimes mistakenly made with vinegar and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), which actually react to neutralise each other, creating carbon dioxide and a sodium acetate solution. Cream of tartar was often used in traditional dyeing where the complexing action of the tartrate ions were used to adjust the solubility and hydrolysis of mordant salts such as tin chloride and alum.
Cream of tartar, when mixed into a paste with hydrogen peroxide, can be used to clean rust from some hand tools, notably hand files. The paste is applied and allowed to set for a few hours and then washed off with a baking soda/water solution.
Chemistry
Potassium acid tartrate, also known as potassium hydrogen tartrate, is, according to NIST, used as a primary reference standard for a pH buffer. .

Preparation

potassium bitartrate is mainly produced from the mother liquor of Seignette's salt. These decolorized, purified, and filtered solutions are acidified to pH 3.5 with hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. Since cream of tartar is sparingly soluble, it precipitates and is recovered by centrifugation, dried, and ground before being packaged as fine powder.

General Description

Potassium L-tartrate is found naturally in grapes. Its removal is necessary during wine making as it can precipitate, which is undesirable.

Purification Methods

It crystallises from water (17mL/g) between 100o and 0o. Dry it at 110o. [Beilstein 3 IV 1222.]

References

Coulter, A. D, et al. "Potassium bitartrate crystallisation in wine and its inhibition." Australian Journal of Grape & Wine Research 21.S1(2016):627-641.
Berg, H. W, and M. Akiyoshi. "Utility of potassium bitartrate concentration-product values in wine processing." Amer J Enol Vitic (1971).
Cremer, G. A., and R. Boulton. "The hydrolysis of gelatin by an immobilized acid protease. I. Immobilization and hydrolysis kinetics. " American Journal of Enology & Viticulture 1(1981):14-17.
Dr, María J. Vicent, et al. "The Therapeutic Action of Potassium Bitartrate." Angewandte Chemie 44.26(2005):4061-6.