Description Chemical structure Source applications Preparation
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Chitin

Description Chemical structure Source applications Preparation
Product Name
Chitin
CAS No.
1398-61-4
Chemical Name
Chitin
Synonyms
a-chitin;SQUID PEN CHITIN;DEACETYLATED CHITIN;POLY-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE;CHITIN FROM SHRIMP SHELLS;BETA-(1,4)-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE;C 7170;CHITIN;chitina;b-Chitin
CBNumber
CB9853096
Molecular Formula
C6H11NO4X2
Formula Weight
161.16
MOL File
1398-61-4.mol
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Chitin Property

Melting point:
>300°C (dec.)
Boiling point:
737.18°C (rough estimate)
Density 
1.3744 (rough estimate)
refractive index 
1.6000 (estimate)
storage temp. 
Room Temp
solubility 
dilute aqueous acid (pH <6.5).: soluble
form 
purified powder
color 
White
Water Solubility 
insoluble
Merck 
14,2065
Stability:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP
-2.640 (est)
EPA Substance Registry System
Chitin (1398-61-4)
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Safety

Hazard Codes 
Xi,Xn
Risk Statements 
20/21/22-36/37/38
Safety Statements 
24/25-36-26
WGK Germany 
3
RTECS 
FM6300000
3
TSCA 
Yes
HS Code 
32139000
Hazardous Substances Data
1398-61-4(Hazardous Substances Data)
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Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal word
Warning
Hazard statements

H302Harmful if swallowed

H315Causes skin irritation

H319Causes serious eye irritation

H335May cause respiratory irritation

Precautionary statements

P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

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N-Bromosuccinimide Price

Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
C7170
Product name
Chitin from shrimp shells
Purity
practical grade, powder
Packaging
100g
Price
$110
Updated
2024/03/01
Sigma-Aldrich
Product number
C7170
Product name
Chitin from shrimp shells
Purity
practical grade, powder
Packaging
1kg
Price
$844
Updated
2024/03/01
TCI Chemical
Product number
C0072
Product name
Chitin
Packaging
25g
Price
$26
Updated
2024/03/01
TCI Chemical
Product number
C0072
Product name
Chitin
Packaging
250g
Price
$70
Updated
2024/03/01
Alfa Aesar
Product number
J61206
Product name
Chitin
Packaging
100g
Price
$45.9
Updated
2023/06/20
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Chitin Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description

Chitin is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in the shells of living organisms such as crabs, lobsters, tortoise, shrimps, and insects or it can be generated via fungal fermentation processes. And chitosan is a unique biobased polymer that is a derivative of chitin and forms the exoskeleton of arthropods. It is obtained by partial deacetylation of chitin using a chemical method or by enzymatic hydrolysis. In general, chitin with a degree of deacetylation of 70% or above is considered to be chitosan.

Chemical structure

Chitin is a naturally occurring polymer consisting of 2-acetamido-2- deoxy-D-glucose via a β(1-4) linkage. Three forms of chitin are available, namely α-, β-, and γ-chitin, however, the structure of α-chitin has been investigated more extensively than that of either the β- or γ- form. Very few studies have been carried out on γ-chitin because γ-chitin may be a distorted version of either α- or β-chitin.

Its structure is similar to cellulose but with 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucose (NAG) monomer units. Chitin has limited applications because of its acetyl groups, but through the deacetylation process chitin is converted into chitosan. During the deacetylation process, the acetyl group present in chitin is converted into hydroxyl (-OH) and amino (-NH2) groups in the chitosan. The modification of the reactive functional groups present in chitosan opens the possibility of broad application in many fields.

Source

Chitin is usually isolated from the exoskeletons of arthropods’ chitin-based tissue (30%-40% protein, 30%-50% calcium carbonate, and 20%-30% chitin), such as crustaceans, mollusks, insects, and certain fungi. It is a biological nanocomposite material strictly hierarchically organized which reveals various structural levels. At the molecular level is the polysaccharide chitin itself. The next structural level is the arrangement of c. 18-25 of such molecules in the form of narrow and long crystalline units, which are wrapped by proteins, forming nanofibrils of about 2-5 nm diameter and about 300 nm length. The next step in the scale consists of the clustering of some of these nanofibrils into long chitin-protein fibers of about 50-300 nm diameter.

Chitin is mainly occurs in three different polymeric α-, β-, and γ-forms. The chains are arranged in stacks or sheets in α-chitin and adjacent sheets along the c-axis have the same direction in a parallel arrangement. The α-chitin occurs in the exoskeletons of crustaceans (e.g., crabs, lobsters, and prawns). In the case of β-chitin, the adjacent sheets along the c-axis present in opposite directions in an antiparallel arrangement and it can be found in squid pen, certain diatoms, and vestimentiferans (a class of deep-sea animal). However every third sheet is in the opposite direction to the preceding sheets in γ-chitin. It mainly exists in fungi and yeast.

applications

Chitin and its derivative chitosan are natural biopolymers which are extracted from crabs, prawns, and shrimps. Chitin consists of β-(1,4)- linked 2-acetamido-2 deoxy-β-D-glucose which is insoluble in water and hydrophobic in nature.
Chitin is a natural biopolymer, which is biocompatible and biodegradable and useful in many applications like biomedical, electronics, photography, and textiles. The main advantages of chitin and its derivates are the low cost and easily availability. The chitin-based composites like chitin beads, chitin nanofibers, and chitin hydrogels are used in drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. In recent times, chitin and its derivates have gained much importance in the field of electronic applications as sensors and energy storage applications. Chitin nanofiber papers are being used as flexible green electronics in solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes. Aksoy et al. prepared low-cost chitin derivatives with high conductivity, for the construction of Schottky diodes, which are useful for photoelectrical applications. Schauer et al. reported a variation of the piezoelectric effect of the chitin electrospun nanofibers.

Preparation

Chitin (C8H13O5N)n, is derived from the Greek word “chiton,” meaning a coat of mail. It is a natural polysaccharide of β-(1-4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine monomers, first identified by the chemist Henri Braconnot in 1811.
A suspension of chitin crystallite particles was first prepared by Marchessault et al. in 1959. In this method, 2.5 N hydrochloric acid solution was used to treat purified chitin under reflux for 1 h. After the reflux, the excess acid was separated by a decantation process and then distilled water was added to obtain the suspension. It was observed from their method that the acid-hydrolyzed chitin spontaneously dispersed into rod-like particles that could be concentrated to a liquid crystalline phase and self-assembled to a cholesteric liquid crystalline phase above a certain concentration. Though chitins are present within numerous taxonomic groups, on the commercial scale they are usually extracted from marine crustaceans, mainly because a large amount of waste is available as a by-product of food processing.

Description

Chitin is the most abundant natural amino polysaccharide. It has a similar annual yield as cellulose. Chitin is a kind of highly valuable material in biomedical applications because of its high biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity as well as its antimicrobial activity and low immunogenicity. It can be easily processed into gels, membrane, nanofibers, beads, nanoparticle, scaffold and sponges, enables its wide applications. In the tissue engineering, it can be used for manufacturing polymer scaffold to satisfy the demands of repairing, replacing, maintaining, or enhancing the function of a particular tissue or organ. In wound dressing, chitin can be used as antimicrobial reagent. In the field of drug delivery, the water-soluble carboxymethyl chitin (CMC) nanoparticle can be used as an effective carrier in drug delivery.

Chemical Properties

Chitin is a colorless, crystalline or amorphous powder that is insoluble in water, organic solvents, dilute acids, and alkalis. It dissolves in concentrated mineral acids with simultaneous degradation of the polymer. Although chitosan is insoluble in water, it does dissolve in aqueous organic acids, for example, acetic and formic acids, as well as inorganic acids. Chitin and chitosan preparation can vary due to the source, with compositional differences. Similarly, the physicochemical characteristics of chitin and chitosan differ between crustacean species and preparation methods. Several studies have clearly demonstrated the specific characteristics of these products. The Mw and degree of deacetylation (DD) vary with process conditions. The physicochemical characteristics of chitin and chitosan influence their functional properties. Mw and DD vary with process conditions or different extraction methods. Chitosan's application depends on physical, biological, and chemical properties and chitosan depends on two parameters, such as DD and Mw.

Application

Chitin, a β(1,4) polymer chain of N-acetyl-D glucosamine, is used as a substrate to identify, differentiate and characterize chitinase(s) and chitin deacetylase(s). Chitin may be used as a viscosity/thickening agent or binder.

Uses

chitin (chitine) is a moisture retainer and film-forming agent. This is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in the shells of crustaceans, such as shrimp and crab, as well as in some fungi and algae. It is also a naturally occuring fibre found in the shells of shellfish. Used for the analysis of chitinase. lysozyme substrate.

Definition

ChEBI: Chitin is a polysaccharide comprisingchains of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine,a derivative of glucose. Chitin isstructurally very similar to celluloseand serves to strengthen the supportingstructures of various invertebrates. It is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth, found especially in insects and fungi.

Agricultural Uses

Chitin is a polysaccharidec omprising chains of N-acetyl- D-glucosamine, a derivative of glucose, linked byβ-1,4 bonds and containing about 77 nitrogen atoms. It may be visualized as cellulose in which the hydroxyl groups on the second carbon are replaced by -NHCOCH3 groups Chitin is structurally very similar to cellulose and serves to strengthen various invertebrates. It offers resistance to chemicals and is present in the cell wall of some fungi as well as in the exoskeleton of insects.

References

Kumar, Majeti NV Ravi. "A review of chitin and chitosan applications." Reactive and functional polymers 46.1 (2000): 1-27.
Jayakumar, R., et al. "Biomedical applications of chitin and chitosan based nanomaterials—A short review." Carbohydrate Polymers 82.2 (2010): 227-232.

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Chitin Suppliers

Shaanxi Pioneer Biotech CO., Ltd
Tel
029-86107037-8019 15332321378
Email
sales@pioneerbiotech.com
Country
China
ProdList
368
Advantage
58
Shaanxi Pioneer Biotech Co.,Ltd.
Tel
029-84385017-8011 15202491660
Fax
QQ3502078241
Email
sales8@pioneerbiotech.com
Country
China
ProdList
484
Advantage
58
Hebei Zhentian food additives Co., LTD
Tel
0319-5925599 13373390591
Email
13373390591@163.com
Country
China
ProdList
11447
Advantage
58
Anhui kuer Bioengineering Co., Ltd
Tel
0551-65171243 13810511747
Email
kuer@kuerhuaxue.com
Country
China
ProdList
2997
Advantage
55
J & K SCIENTIFIC LTD.
Tel
010-82848833 400-666-7788
Fax
86-10-82849933
Email
jkinfo@jkchemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
96815
Advantage
76
Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Tel
4006608290; 18621169109
Fax
86-21-61259102
Email
market03@meryer.com
Country
China
ProdList
40241
Advantage
62
3B Pharmachem (Wuhan) International Co.,Ltd.
Tel
821-50328103-801 18930552037
Fax
86-21-50328109
Email
3bsc@sina.com
Country
China
ProdList
15848
Advantage
69
TAIYUAN RHF CO.,LTD.
Tel
+86 351 7031519
Fax
+86 351 7031519
Email
sales@RHFChem.com
Country
China
ProdList
2341
Advantage
56
TCI (Shanghai) Development Co., Ltd.
Tel
021-67121386
Fax
021-67121385
Email
Sales-CN@TCIchemicals.com
Country
China
ProdList
24539
Advantage
81
BeiJing Hwrk Chemicals Limted
Tel
0757-86329057 18501085097
Fax
010-89508210
Email
sales3.gd@hwrkchemical.com
Country
China
ProdList
7508
Advantage
55
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View Lastest Price from Chitin manufacturers

Changsha Staherb Natural Ingredients Co., Ltd.
Product
Chitin 1398-61-4
Price
US $0.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
≥98% HPLC
Supply Ability
1000KG
Release date
2022-09-27
Hebei Dangtong Import and export Co LTD
Product
Chitin 1398-61-4
Price
US $100.00-90.00/kg
Min. Order
1kg
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
20Tons
Release date
2023-10-09
Henan Fengda Chemical Co., Ltd
Product
Chitin 1398-61-4
Price
US $50.00-1.00/KG
Min. Order
1KG
Purity
99%
Supply Ability
g-kg-tons, free sample is available
Release date
2023-12-22

1398-61-4, ChitinRelated Search:


  • BETA-(1,4)-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE
  • BETA-(1,4)-2-AMINO-2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE
  • CHITOSAN, DEACETYLATED
  • POLY-(B1-4)-N-ACETYL-GLUCOSAMINE
  • CHITINMICROPARTICLES
  • Chitin (powder)
  • POLY-[1->4]-BETA-N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE
  • POLY(D-GLUCOSAMINE)
  • beta-chitin
  • chitina
  • CHITIN (POLY(N-ACETYL-1,4-β-D-GLUCOPYRANOSAMINE))
  • Poly-(1-4)-β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
  • Poly-2-N-acetylamino-2-deoxy-β-1.4glucose
  • β-(1,4)-2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose
  • Chitin from shrimp shells,Poly-(1→4)-β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
  • Poly-(1→4)-β-D-N-acetylglucosaMine
  • C 7170
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  • b-Chitin
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  • CHITEMPO B(TM)
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  • CHITOSAN 10
  • CHITOSAN 100
  • CHITOSAN 1,000
  • CHITOSAN 500
  • DEACETYLATED CHITIN
  • SQUID PEN CHITIN
  • POLY(N-ACETYL-1,4-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSAMINE)
  • POLY(N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE)
  • POLY-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE
  • POLY-(1,4-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSAMINE)
  • POLY-[1->4]-BETA-D-GLUCOSAMINE
  • 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-D-GLUCAN
  • 2-AMINO-2-DEOXY-(1->4)-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANAN
  • Poly(N-acetyl-1,4-β-D-glucopyranosamine)
  • Acetylated chitin
  • a-chitin
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  • Clandosan
  • Poly-[1-4]-b-D-N-acetylglucosamine
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  • CHITIN FROM SHRIMP SHELLS
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  • CHITIN FROM FROM SHRIMP SHELLS SUITA
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